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Health Protection and Global Approach to Neglected Communicable Diseases
Published in Vincent La Placa, Julia Morgan, Social Science Perspectives on Global Public Health, 2023
Maria Jacirema Ferreira Gonçalves, Anny Beatriz Costa Antony de Andrade, Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
It is also important to consider the social stigma associated with certain NCDs, particularly those causing visible disfiguring ulcers or swelling, such as Buruli ulcer, Leprosy, and Lymphatic Filariasis. Stigma leads to social exclusion, reduced quality of life and well-being, and mental health difficulties. Addressing the social underpinnings of NCDs, and removal of the systemic and structural barriers that create health inequalities, is paramount in the SDGs era to achieve the goal of ‘Leaving no one Behind’ (WHO, 2015). Data from the World Health Organization indicate that currently one in five people are affected by NCDs, totalling more than 1.7 billion individuals globally. NCDs cause about 185,000 deaths per year, in addition to severe disability, disfigurement, blindness, and malnutrition. Although NCDs are endemic in 149 countries, less than 1% of new drugs approved were for NCDs between 1975 and 2011 (WHO, 2015).
The philosophical implications of fundamental cause theory
Published in Sridhar Venkatapuram, Alex Broadbent, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Public Health, 2023
Applying Powers and Faden’s model to FCT in this case justifies a moral argument that stigma is of significant priority. Stigma is corrosive to overall health and is disproportionately likely to be experienced by already-disadvantaged groups. Moreover, because stigma is such a powerful form of disadvantage, it is a perfect example of a social force that intensifies existing inequalities and perpetuates densely woven patterns of disadvantage. Intervening with specific anti-stigma mechanisms is therefore justified as a critical public health intervention—efficacy in such interventions promises both to improve overall population health and to have disproportionate impact on the least well-off, thereby satisfying the twin aims.
Hot topics in medicine
Published in Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Marc A Gladman, Manoj Ramachandran, Secrets of Success: Getting into Medical School, 2020
Veena Naganathar, Asil Tahir, Pairaw Kader, Omar Chehab
Stigma in this case is the negative ‘labelling’ imposed on people with HIV/AIDS as sexually promiscuous and highly infectious individuals, such that they are seen as social outcasts. To a large extent, these beliefs are borne out of ignorance and health-care professionals have a duty to break them down. Such stigma is felt at a personal level and has a major impact on health. For example, someone who has had unprotected sex and wishes to have an HIV test may not do so for fear of being cast out by society because of a positive diagnosis. If this is the case, this individual may have missed an opportunity for early diagnosis and management.
A model of internalized stigma in parents of individuals with disabilities
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2022
Marija Čolić, Sarah Dababnah, Ivona Milačić-Vidojević
Since Goffman’s theoretical work, subsequent researchers and scholars have outlined several types of stigma, including perceived stigma, experienced stigma, and affiliate stigma. Researchers have noted that parents of children and adults with disabilities experience these different types of stigma as well (Francis 2012, Gray 2002). Perceived stigma is a parent’s belief of the general public’s negative attitudes towards themselves and their child [Čolić and Milačić Vidojević, 2021] while experienced stigma includes parent’s reports of discrimination encountered in different social situations (Smythe et al.2020). Self-stigma, a term used mainly in the mental health field, is an individual’s internalization of negative attitudes that exist in a cultural context towards members of a group with which that individual identifies (Corrigan and Watson 2002).
Contextual Factors’ Impact on the Reception of Substance Use Disorder Treatment Language: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Published in Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 2022
Rebecca Lucero Jones, Stephen T. Fife, Jason T. Cravens
However, stigma is not merely a societal formulation that persons in recovery face prior to treatment. Many health care professionals mirror the societal stigma of an SUD, viewing patients diagnosed with an SUD negatively (Van Boekel, Brouwers, van Weeghel, & Garretsen, 2013). This negative attitude can change the way in which healthcare professionals communicate with their patients, often resulting in a task-oriented approach with less personal engagement, less empathy, and shortened visits by health professionals (Peckover & Chidlaw, 2007; Van Boekel et al., 2013). Additionally, treatment professionals continue to utilize pejorative language that implicitly assigns stigma by employing terms such as “dirty” or “clean” to describe lab tests as opposed to the less judgmental terms “positive” or “negative” (Kelly, Wakeman, & Saitz, 2015; Olsen & Sharfstein, 2014). Such attitudes and use of language among treatment and healthcare professionals may pose a significant barrier to reducing stigma.
How Stigma and Discrimination Influences Nursing Care of Persons Diagnosed with Mental Illness: A Systematic Review
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2021
Jane Tyerman, Autumn-Lee Patovirta, Ann Celestini
In these studies, the experience of stigma toward mental illness was examined from both the patient’s perspective, and the nurse’s perspective. Many experiences of stigma and discrimination were uncovered and organized according to three levels: individual, institutional, and social. Many different types of stigma exist, however, for this study, the experiences of stigma and discrimination fit most appropriately into individual, institutional, and social levels of stigma. A synopsis of findings presented under each level of stigma can be seen in Figure 2 (Individual level) and Figure 3 (Nurse level). Individual stigma can loosely be defined as one’s individual values, beliefs, and ideologies as contributors to the experiences and internalization of stigma (Huggett et al., 2018). Next, institutional stigma affects organizations' policies, procedures, and culture, which impacts those with mental illness (Huggett et al., 2018). Finally, social stigma exists as it is embedded in social frameworks which leads to inferiority for those who are stigmatized (Huggett et al., 2018).