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Caffeine and arousal: a biobehavioral theory of physiological, behavioral, and emotional effects
Published in B.S. Gupta, Uma Gupta, Caffeine and Behavior, 2020
Barry D. Smith, Kenneth Tola, Mark Mann
Further evidence for the arousing effects of caffeine is seen in research on electrodermal activity (EDA), which has been one major focus of work in our laboratories. In a series of studies, we have administered caffeine and examined its effects on EDA under a variety of conditions. These have included reaction time, paired associates, anagram, and vigilance tasks, as well as simple auditory stimulation and novel digit recall.74–76 We have recorded primarily skin conductance level (SCL), skin conductance response (SCR), and EDA response frequency measures.
The psychobiology underlying swearing and taboo language
Published in Philip N. Murphy, The Routledge International Handbook of Psychobiology, 2018
LaBar and Phelps (1998) were interested in whether emotional arousal aids memory consolidation processes. This study will be described in detail in a later section, but briefly they devised an experiment in which recall of neutral words was compared with recall of what they describe as “profanities, sexually explicit words and words depicting social taboos”. Participants’ autonomic arousal during exposure to these stimuli was assessed via the skin conductance response. This was significantly raised for the former category of word (mean 0.09 uS vs. 0.01 uS), indicating that exposure to swearing and taboo language produces autonomic arousal.
Diagnosis of RSD
Published in Hooshang Hooshmand, Chronic Pain, 2018
Skin conductance response (SCR) is used in some laboratories based on the fact that disturbance of sympathetic dysfunction causes a disturbance of SCR. This is useful in assessment of effectiveness of sympathectomy postoperatively. It is not a sensitive test in the early stages of the illness.
Electrodermal Orienting Response During Active-Alert Hypnosis: Do Verbal Suggestions Influence Automatic Attentional Processes?
Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 2022
Eniko Kasos, Krisztian Kasos, Zoltan Kekecs, Anna Szekely, Katalin Varga
EDA during the second block (in each condition) was extracted and visually inspected for artifacts. Only participants whose bilateral responses were obtained were included in the analysis. Out of the 32 participants, 7 were excluded because of equipment failure or because bilateral responses were not detected. EDA was analyzed with Ledalab 3.4.8 (Benedek & Kaernbach, 2010). To decrease error noise, the data were first smoothed with a Gaussian window. Afterward, skin conductance responses (SCR) were obtained by optimized continued decomposition analysis (Benedek & Kaernbach, 2010). Skin conductance responses s were extracted from the window between 1 and 5 seconds after stimulus onset. The minimum amplitude of SCRs was set to 0.01 microSiemens (Dawson et al., 2016; Payne et al., 2016). Skin conductance response amplitudes in response to the first standard and the first deviant tone were extracted and used in the statistical analysis. We hypothesized that responses to these tones are the strongest because habituation would decrease response to subsequent tones (Barry & Sokolov, 1993; Steiner & Barry, 2011)
Mild-to-moderate schizotypal traits relate to physiological arousal from social stress
Published in Stress, 2021
Preethi Premkumar, Prasad Alahakoon, Madelaine Smith, Veena Kumari, Diviesh Babu, Joshua Baker
HR data and PANAS data were combined from Experiment 1 (n = 26) and Experiment 2 (n = 24) to test the fourth and fifth hypotheses. ANOVA was performed with task (speech and discussion) and time (first 4 epochs, 0–30 s, 31–60 s, 61–90 s, and 91–120 s) as the independent variables and HR as the dependent variables. Skin conductance response (SCR) was measured in addition to HR in Experiment 2 (see Experiment 2, Methods). Hence, the ANOVA was repeated with task and time as independent variables and SCR as the dependent variable in Experiment 2. ANOVAs were performed with time (baseline, post-speech, and post-discussion) as the independent variable and positive mood and negative mood as the dependent variables to test the fifth hypothesis. The Greenhouse-Geisser correction was applied when the sphericity assumption was violated. Analyses were performed in SPSS, version 24.
VR Porn as “Empathy Machine”? Perception of Self and Others in Virtual Reality Pornography
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2021
Arne Dekker, Frederike Wenzlaff, Sarah V. Biedermann, Peer Briken, Johannes Fuss
So far, we only know of three studies that have experimentally investigated the effects of VR pornography. Elsey et al. (2019) showed that men and women in an experimental setting experienced a stronger sense of presence when watching VR compared to traditional pornography. Furthermore, men (but not women) found the VR clips subjectively more sexually arousing than 2D-scenes. Simon and Greitemeyer (2019) compared conventional with VR pornography and alternately presented sexually explicit video material on a 2D desktop monitor and a 3D VR headset. In addition to subjective sexual arousal, they continuously assessed skin conductance response as an objective measure for bodily arousal. They found both higher objective and subjective levels of arousal when participants watched VR pornography. Finally, Wood et al. (2017) asked a total of 45 participants to complete a story about VR pornography in writing. In their qualitative analysis, the authors identified common cultural ideals that the participants associated with VR porn. They found, among other things, two conflicting narratives – one of a perfect and idealized sexual experience, another of dangerous consequences of new technologies.