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Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Morales-Briceno Hugo, Victor S.C. Fung, Annu Aggarwal, Philip Thompson
Multiple other phenotypes: Alternating hemiplegia of childhood.Cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS).Relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia (RECA).
Introduction
Published in James F. Kane, Multifunctional Proteins: Catalytic/Structural and Regulatory, 2019
Another interesting multifunctional protein is the so-called “Protein X” or the recA gene product of E. coli. This protein has the following properties: protease activity18–20 catalyzes the formation of D loops, that is, binding of a single stranded DNA molecule to its homologous counterpart in a double stranded DNA molecule,21,22 binding and hydrolysis of ATP,18,22 and association with membrane.23,24 Although the molecular basis for the many functions of the recA protein are largely unknown, the regulatory function of the recA protein appears to be related to its protease activity. That is, the recA gene product controls its own synthesis by proteolytically degrading the repressor protein synthesized by the lexA gene. This mechanism of autogenous control is unique among those proposed in this volume where control appears to be at the level of gene transcription or translation.
Mutagenic Consequences Of Chemical Reaction with DNA
Published in Philip L. Grover, Chemical Carcinogens and DNA, 2019
A second problem is that it is unlikely that the recA+ gene product is solely a protease. For one thing, far too much is formed, up to 4% of the total cell protein.93 Gudas and Pardee93 also showed that protein X bound specifically to single-stranded DNA, and it is possibly this property which enhances the survival of uvr+ recA tsl mutants.78,97 These mutants appear to produce constitutively an otherwise inactive recA gene product.93 Further difficulties arise in reconciling the apparent constitutive nature of recombination, with the apparent inducible nature of other rec-lex functions, and it is these considerations that have led Morand et al. to formulate their model.92
Bacterial death from treatment with fluoroquinolones and other lethal stressors
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2021
Antimicrobial stress exerts a major shift in bacterial metabolism that can be seen as changes in the oxygen consumption rate. In the present review we have focused on a subset of metabolism, ROS accumulation, because this view leads to a testable hypothesis. How lethal antimicrobial lesions stimulate the accumulation of ROS is unknown. In section 6.1 we suggested that several proteins (MazF, EF-4, Cpx, Arc) are involved in quinolone-mediated ROS accumulation. We also proposed that repair functions are involved. Repair, which requires ATP, would require rapid energy production above and beyond other cellular requirements. Quinolone treatment of E. coli stimulates a transient surge of nucleotide triphosphates (largely ATP [50], respiration [58], the ATP/ADP ratio [65], and the NAD to NADH ratio [42,65]). In the case of the ATP surge, a recA deficiency suppresses much of it [50]. We speculate that this surge in ATP production generates a surge in ROS, which then creates enough macromolecular damage to stimulate more ROS and damage, as discussed in the previous section.
Cost of fear and radiation protection actions: Washington County, Utah and Fukushima, Japan {Comparing case histories}
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2020
Bruce W. Church, Antone L. Brooks
NOTE: Downwinder Areas: The Act covers physical presence in certain counties located downwind from the Nevada Test Site. In the State of Utah, the counties include Beaver, Garfield, Iron, Kane, Millard, Piute, San Juan, Sevier, Washington, and Wayne; in the State of Nevada, the counties include Eureka, Lander, Lincoln, Nye, White Pine, and that portion of Clark County that consists of townships 13 through 16 at ranges 63 through 71; and in the State of Arizona, the counties include Apache, Coconino, Gila, Navajo, Yavapai, and that part of Arizona that is north of the Grand Canyon. A claimant must establish physical presence in the Downwinder area for two years during the period beginning on January 21, 1951, and ending on October 31, 1958, or for the entire period beginning on June 30, 1962, and ending on July 31, 1962, and a subsequent diagnosis of a specified compensable disease. All claims under RECA must be filed by July 9, 2022. In accordance with Section 8(a) of RECA, any claim received after July 9, 2022, will be barred.
Apyrase decreases phage induction and Shiga toxin release from E. coli O157:H7 and has a protective effect during infection
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Ida Arvidsson, Ashmita Tontanahal, Karl Johansson, Ann-Charlotte Kristoffersson, Sára Kellnerová, Michael Berger, Ulrich Dobrindt, Diana Karpman
The level of RecA was investigated as a measure of the SOS response that can lead to bacteriophage activation. E. coli O157:H7 was incubated with or without apyrase for 6 h and bacterial lysates were assayed. Lower levels of RecA were detected in samples incubated with apyrase, Figure 1a. A significant difference was detected when measuring the intensity of the RecA band in the E. coli O157:H7 sample incubated with apyrase 20 U/mL (median 68.9%) compared to dH2O (defined as 100%, Figure 1b and Supplementary Figure 1). Lower levels of RecA were also seen in samples incubated with apyrase 10 U/mL (median 82.5%) but did not achieve statistical significance.