China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
What's Causing My Gut Symptoms?
Published in Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck, Reclaim Your Life From IBS, 2022
Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck
But there is a downside to all this antigerm fervor. There are very good reasons to believe that we have taken this one-sided view of germs too far, and are actually now hurting ourselves with our endless efforts to disinfect and sterilize our environments. We are constantly advised to wash our hands, disinfect our cutting boards and kitchen counters, use hand sanitizers at every opportunity, and purchase innumerable products with anti-microbial chemicals embedded in them. This has had three unexpected and quite negative consequences. First, the excessive use of germicidal chemicals has spurred the evolution of resistant super-bacteria. Over-prescription of antibiotics was routine medical practice for years. Only very recently have physicians, researchers, and medical organizations sounded the alarm about the rise of resistant strains of tuberculosis and other frightening bacteria like MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Indeed, the American Medical Association issued a position statement warning against the use of antimicrobial agents like triclosan in consumer products such as hand sanitizer, dishwashing soap, and cutting boards. They cited evidence suggesting that such use is actually harmful to public health, because it spurs the development of resistant bacteria. Fortunately, triclosan has since been banned from a variety of consumer products.
Review of Effective Mathematical Modelling of Coronavirus Epidemic and Effect of drone Disinfection
Published in S. Prabha, P. Karthikeyan, K. Kamalanand, N. Selvaganesan, Computational Modelling and Imaging for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, 2021
Agnishwar Jayaprakash, R. Nithya, M. Kayalvizhi
The city’s statistics were studied before and after the sanitising operation was performed. Figure 6.5 shows the average individuals in susceptible, carrier and infectious states in Varanasi before sanitising. The graph shows that the mean of cases were two before sanitising operations. After the sanitising operation was performed, the average case came down. Figure 6.6 depicts average individuals in susceptible, carrier and infectious states in Varanasi after sanitising. Microbial tests were carried out before and after sanitising. After sanitising 97.02% microorganisms on the surface was removed.
Disorders of keratinization and other genodermatoses
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Epidermal differentiation and keratinization are complex processes, and various genetic mutations can disrupt the usual course of maturation. The resultant altered epidermis is unable to perform its normal functions or serve as an effective barrier. There is an increase in transepidermal water-loss, making the skin dry and prone to irritation. Impaired immunity to microbial infections can result in frequent infections. The defective epidermis is also considerably less compliant and pliable compared to normal epidermis, and this can often cause blistering over pressure points or limitation to movements accompanied by pain and fissuring. However, the greatest impact of these disorders is possibly because of the significant cosmetic disability that they cause. The skin is of primary importance in determining the appearance of an individual, and abnormal skin can hamper the socio-economic and emotional aspects of the life of the affected individual.
Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections: towards quantum dots based management approaches
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2023
Faezeh Almasi, Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
Another point is the diversity of neurological disorders in hCoV infected patients. For example, ADEM was fatal in MERS [48] while the patient with ADEM after hCoV-OC43 had survived and improved over weeks [38]. This seems to be due to the part of the nervous system involved and also, the portion of reversible or irreversible nerve system damage. It should be noted that some of the reported neurological manifestations in COVID-19 cases might not be really related to the CoV infections and organs failure, medications side effects and coincidentally occurring may lead to different neurological complications. In addition, some of the reported symptoms, like headache, nausea, and dizziness, are common to any other microbial infections. Considering the missing diagnostic studies in research papers such as MRI examination or CSF analysis and the above issues, sufficient investigations are needed to confirm the association of hCoVs and nerve system disorders.
Pronounced capping effect of olaminosomes as nanostructured platforms in ocular candidiasis management
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Sadek Ahmed, Maha M. Amin, Sarah Mohamed El-Korany, Sinar Sayed
As a general rule, the overuse of conventional antimicrobial medications results in development of microbial resistance, therapy loss of their effectiveness (Naz et al., 2018). Furthermore, some antimicrobial medications suffer from certain side effects such as their toxicity or irritation that necessitate development of novel delivery systems in order to fabricate safe and cost-effective treatment. Although different nanosystems are used in ocular delivery of antimicrobial medications, the main challenge is to formulate a dosage form achieving the required shape and size (Ali et al., 2020). Consequently, fabrication, in vitro characterization, ex vivo and in vivo assessments are the key steps to develop innovative generation of ocular antimicrobial medications (Sondi & Salopek-Sondi, 2004). The major drawbacks of various nanosystems are aggregation due to instability, toxicity, size and shape imperfections, therapy surface modification was employed. Many researches encourage the positive consequences of surface modification on enhancing the safety and efficacy of developed nanosystems.
A novel prognostic model for predicting the mortality risk of patients with sepsis-related acute respiratory failure: a cohort study using the MIMIC-IV database
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2022
Lina Zhao, Jing Yang, Cong Zhou, Yunying Wang, Tao Liu
The laboratory parameters and mean values of the vital signs were collected within the first 24 h after ICU admission. The laboratory parameters included alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, haemoglobin, platelet count, partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, prothrombin time, white blood cell count, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentage, blood lactate, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, arterial blood gas analysis (PaO2), PaO2/FiO2, and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). The vital signs included heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and temperature. Further, the demographic data included age, gender, length of hospital stay, and hospital mortality, while advanced cardiac life support included mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy. System scores for critical illness were evaluated, including the SAPS II, SOFA, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The comorbidity index on discharge was according to the ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes (Supplementary materials 1–6). The site of infection (Supplementary material 7) and the type of microbial infection were also under the main research focus. The percentage of missing values for creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and GCS were 0.15%, and missing data were managed by a matrix diagram illustrated in the Data Profiling Report (Supplementary material 8). Further, the mass package of R software was used for multiple interpolations of missing value data.