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Melanoma Cell Secretion
Published in Velibor Krsmanović, James F. Whitfield, Malignant Cell Secretion, 2019
Jean-François Dore, Jorge Vila
Transferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, is known to be one of the nutrients required to sustain growth of cells, including normal melanocytes, in chemically defined media.39,46 Most human melanomas express at their cell surface and shed in the culture medium a 97- kDa protein (p97) that has been shown to be structurally related to transferrin both in terms of amino acid sequence and of tertiary structure and function,57-59 and that has been termed “melanotransferrin” .59 However, it is not known whether melanotransferrin has any growth-promoting effect on melanocytes or melanoma cells.
Molecular Genetic Analyses of Functional Melanoma-Associated Antigens
Published in Henry T. Lynch, Ramon M. Fusaro, Hereditary Malignant Melanoma, 2019
Lloyd H. Graf, Soldano Ferrone
This distribution has fostered interest in p97 as a possible focus of active or passive immunotherapeutic approaches to melanoma. p97 derives further interest from its protein sequence homology to that of the iron-binding serum protein transferrin and from the transferrin-like ability of the p97 molecule to bind iron.43 This function, which had led to the use of the name “melanotransferrin” for p97, is suggestive of a possible nutritional/metabolic role for the antigen in melanocytic neoplasia.
Plant Sources as Potential Therapeutics for Alzheimer’s Disease
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Medicinal Plants, 2018
Azhwar Raghunath, Kiruthika Sundarraj, Vishnu Vignesh Kanagaraj, Ekambaram Perumal
The causes of AD include aging, neurofibillary tangles, senile plaque, genetics and others. Each of the above-mentioned causes has its own pathological mechanism by which it progresses to AD (Munoz and Feldman 2000). Aging has always been a risk factor for many diseases, including AD. During the process of cellular respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals, are produced, which play a crucial role in the development of age-related AD (Smith et al. 1995). Upon upregulation of the activity, an antioxidant enzyme follows with the oxidative damage done to proteins and membrane lipids (Sayre et al. 1997; Smith et al. 1997). A study conducted by researchers at the University of British Columbia indicated an abnormally increased level of iron-handling protein called melanotransferrin, which was observed in the serum of AD patients, thus indicating the mishandling of iron in the neuronal system, and hence it may use as a potential diagnostic tool for the initial study of age-related AD (Kennard et al. 1996).
Solid lipid nanoparticles: a review on recent perspectives and patents
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2020
Rishi Paliwal, Shivani Rai Paliwal, Rameshroo Kenwat, Balak Das Kurmi, Mukesh Kumar Sahu
Ligand grafted targeted SLNs has been reported for brain delivery of anticancer drugs. Kuo and Wang, 2015 reported enhanced delivery of etoposide across the blood-brain barrier to restrain brain tumor growth using melanotransferrin antibody- and tamoxifen-conjugated solid lipid nanoparticles [87]. Authors found that tamoxifen-grafted etoposide loaded SLNs significantly enhanced the blood brain barrier permeability coefficient for the drug. The capability of these targeted formulations in order to target HBMECs and U87MG cells and their internalization was verified by immunochemical staining of expressed melanotransferrin.
Nanocarriers for brain specific delivery of anti-retro viral drugs: challenges and achievements
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2018
Nila Mary Varghese, Venkatachalam Senthil, Shailendra K. Saxena
Melanotransferrin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored protein and another targeting moiety that uses LRP1 for the transcytosis of drug molecules across BBB was extensively studied by Demeule et al. [66]. The recombinant human melanotransferrin (P97) was found to have 14-fold higher transcytosis ability than transferrin and was readily taken up by the mouse brain. P-97 conjugated with drugs such as paclitaxel and adriamycin crossed the BBB effectively and was found to have 10-fold increase in brain delivery. Further, the p-97 drug conjugates, accumulated to 1–2% of the injected dose in 24 h [67].