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Lens and cataracts
Published in Mostafa Khalil, Omar Kouli, The Duke Elder Exam of Ophthalmology, 2019
Mannosidosis AR condition due to deficiency in alpha mannosidase.Spoke-shaped posterior cataracts.
Golgi apparatus regulation of differentiation
Published in C. Yan Cheng, Spermatogenesis, 2018
Louis Hermo, Regiana L. Oliveira, Charles E. Smith, Catherine E. Au, John J. M. Bergeron
The Golgi is responsible for glycosylation180 and this occurs during acrosome formation with expression of Man2α1 and ManIIX. These sequence-related proteins likely have related functions in alpha mannosidase trimming of high mannose containing N-linked oligosaccharides.133 The lack of detection of both of these proteins from steps 8–14 would suggest a diminution in Golgi mannosidase activity that in turn would be linked to the well-known major changes in N-linked glycosylation of proteins accounting for the high mannose and complex glycoproteins differentially expressed during spermatogenesis.32,96
Legume Nodule Biochemistry and Function
Published in Peter M. Gresshoff, Molecular Biology of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, 2018
Robert B. Mellor, Dietrich Werner
In the early stages of cell colonization, ER vesicles become visibly more numerous throughout the host cell. During this time the ER-located enzymes choline phosphotransferase and GDP-DMP-mannosyltransferase are stimulated by 200 and 300%, respectively.71 Direct connections between the ER and PBM as reported by Kijne and Planqué74 are probably not significant, but a direct transfer of components by vesicle shuttle from the ER matrix to the PBS still cannot be ruled out. The case of alpha-mannosidase is an example. The PBS-located isoenzyme II is made on bound ribosomes of the rough ER,75 remains in the plant vacuome,56 but has not been found in the Golgi.
Swainsonine inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis of NIH-3T3 cells by declining miR-21
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Chao Li, Peipei Wang, Ziyang Fu, Yongtao Li, Shouju Li
Dynamic biological changes in fibroblasts have been found to be related to the formation and progression of hypertrophic scar [4,24]. The hyper-expression of TGF-β1 and VEGF in fibroblasts both contributes to the progression of hypertrophic scar [4]. TGF-β1 can promote the synthesis of CoI I and CoI III [25]. VEFG can promote the angiogenesis in hypertrophic scar [26]. As an inhibitor of α-mannosidase II, SW can influence the synthesis of many carbohydrates, glycoproteins and glycolipids in cells and oligosaccharides at the cell surface [8]. In this research, we found that SW inhibited NIH-3T3 cell viability with a dose-dependent pathway. Cyclin D1, which played key roles in promoting cell proliferation [27], was decreased in NIH-3T3 cells. p53, which played key roles in inhibiting cell proliferation [28], was increased in NIH-3T3 cells. Moreover, the VEFG level was also reduced in NIH-3T3 cells. TGF-β1 was used as the stimulator of collagen synthesis in NIH-3T3 cells. We discovered that SW alleviated the TGF-β1 stimulation-caused enhancement of CoI I, CoI III and α-SMA in NIH-3T3 cells, as well as collagen generation in the culture supernatant of NIH-3T3 cells. These above outcomes indicated that SW could exert inhibitory function on scar hyperplasia via suppressing fibroblasts cell viability, proliferation and collagen synthesis.
A novel genetic variant potentially altering the expression of MANBA in the cerebellum associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Han Chinese children
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2022
Xinzhen Chen, Ting Yao, Jinliang Cai, Qi Zhang, Shanyawen Li, Huiru Li, Xihang Fu, Jing Wu
Beta-mannosidase subcellularly localises to lysosomes. Cell and animal experiments have shown that Manba loss could induce lysosomal dysfunction and impair multiple pathways, including autophagy and endocytosis (Gu et al. 2021). As a complex signalling hub, lysosome plays an important role in maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis and is involved in many functions, such as neuron development, molecular transport, cell assembly and organization (Song et al. 2008; Ballabio and Bonifacino 2020).
PA-MSHA Regulates PD-L1 Expression in Hepatoma Cells
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2023
Hangzhi Wei, Yudong Mao, Huihan Zhang, Fahong Wu, Youcheng Zhang
In the HCC cohort, MGAT1 was decreased, whereas mannosidase II increased.This indicates that mannosyl expression is most likely promoted by MGAT1. An increase in mannosidase II may have contributed to the reduction of mannosyl. However, it increased overall. The expression of MGAT1 and mannosidase II show the same trend, possibly indicating that they exist as functional assemblies, as described in previous studies. Mannosidase II, which is related to the depth of tumor invasion, distant metastasis, and poor OS, was significantly increased in GC (Zhu et al. 2019). However, the short follow-up time and small sample size in our study could have limited the availability of more similar results. These results indicate that HCC cells can provide rich mannosyl, which is the basis for the function of PA-MSHA. PA-MSHA inhibits the proliferation of Hep G2 and BEL-7402 cells by means of inducing caspase-8-mediated exogenous apoptosis via mannosyl (Cao et al. 2009). Further, inhibition of the EGFR pathway and signaling of breast cancer cells are mediated by PA-MSHA in a mannosyl-dependent manner. PA-MSHA activates or inhibits mannosyl-rich receptors on the cytomembrane. Therefore, we used GNA to detect mannosyl in vitro and in vivo after administering PA-MSHA. The mannosyl in HCC cells decreased after PA-MSHA treatment. The exposure time of GNA was significantly longer at 4 h intervention than at 24 h intervention under fluorescence microscopy. This indicates that the GNA signal was weaker. Similarly, the mannosyl in the transplanted tumor was weaker after PA-MSHA mediation. These results suggest that PA-MSHA may affect mannosyl through intrinsic regulation. We found that this strain promotes the expression of MGAT1 and mannosidase II. This is likely a strategy for HCC cells to protect themselves by reducing their own receptor. P. aeruginosa penetrated the cytomembrane and was enriched in the cytoplasm. To the best of our knowledge, this result has never been reported. However, the typical apoptotic features were observed in the treatment group. Some bacteria are known to proliferate in the neoplasm and modulate immune function, ultimately affecting the survival of patients and their response to treatment. These bacteria, whose peptides regulate CD8+ and CD4+ T cells through HLA molecules in tumor cells, are commonly found closer to the nuclear envelope (Kalaora et al. 2021; Nejman et al. 2020). These findings may provide additional possibilities for further PA-MSHA research.