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Precision medicine in prostate cancer
Published in Debmalya Barh, Precision Medicine in Cancers and Non-Communicable Diseases, 2018
A third gene was identified in the region p22–23 of chromosome 8, MSR1 (Xu et al., 2012), and is a member of a family of membrane receptors called scavenger receptors. MSR1 can bind to molecules ranging from bacteria to modified lipoproteins (Platt and Gordon, 2001) and is reported to be commonly deleted in prostate cancer (Lieberfarb et al., 2003). In families with hereditary prostate cancer six missense and one nonsense mutation have been described, and the prevalence of MSR1 mutations is higher in European and African-American members than in case controls (Xu et al., 2002a, 2002b). The most common mutations found in these men were the Arg293X and Ser41Tyr variants (Xu et al., 2002a). The IVS7delTTA homozygous genotype is significantly associated with low-grade sporadic-type prostate cancer, which appears at a later age in European racial groups. This differs from the Arg293X variant, which is associated with high-grade sporadic disease in men younger than 60 years. Rennert et al. (2005) found no significant association of MSR1 variants with familial or sporadic prostate cancer in European or African-American men. MSR1 mutations were found in 4.4% of white men with nonhereditary prostate cancer as opposed to 0.8% of unaffected men. In Afro-American men these frequencies were 12.5% and 1.8%, respectively (Xu et al., 2002a, 2002b).
Molecular and clinical characterization of CD163 expression via large-scale analysis in glioma
Published in OncoImmunology, 2019
Shasha Liu, Chaoqi Zhang, Nomathamsanqa Resegofetse Maimela, Li Yang, Zhen Zhang, Yu Ping, Lan Huang, Yi Zhang
Furthermore, Macrophage Scavenger Receptor1 (MSR1), also known as CD204 has additionally been identified as a specific marker for TAMs.40,41 It was also reported that CD14, CD68, CD11B are macrophage markers.15 To fully understand the relationship between CD163 and other macrophage markers, Pearson correlation analysis was performed. As Figures S6A and B indicated, CD163 showed a high correlation with the macrophage marker members both in the CGGA RNA-seq and microarray databases. In line with the CGGA database, the correlation between CD163 and other macrophage markers was also robustly positive in the TCGA database (Figure S6c). Similar results were observed in Figures S6(d-f). Taken together, these results point to the rising MSR1, CD11B, or CD68 levels in cases when glioma patients acquire resistance to therapy of targeting CD163.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) promoted lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophages through modulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2019
Jimin Long, Wen Ma, Zhiqiang Yu, Hongwen Liu, Yi Cao
The expression of CD36 was significantly increased after exposure to all type of MWCNTs (p < 0.01; Figure 8(A)). The expression of MSR1 was also elevated following MWCNT exposure, although c-MWCNTs statistically significantly increased the expression (p < 0.5; Figure 8(B)).
Network-based survival analysis to discover target genes for developing cancer immunotherapies and predicting patient survival
Published in Journal of Applied Statistics, 2021
Xinwei He, Xiaoqiang Sun, Yongzhao Shao
Those genes included in the signature are selected from functionally important gene clusters. These genes have been demonstrated as engaged in tumorigenesis and metastasis in the existing literature. For example, the first signature gene MSR1 is a member of scavenger receptor family and is mostly expressed in hematopoietic cells [12,36]. MSR1 is important for macrophage adhesion and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and thus it associates with many macrophage-involved pathological processes, including inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis [31,52–54]. The second signature gene S100A11 is a member of S100 calcium-binding protein family [51]. S100A11 involves in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, signal transduction, cell adhesion, extracellular matrix remodeling and cell mobility [1,20,37], and it has been demonstrated that S100A11 is associated with the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumors [22]. The third gene KIF18A is a member of the kinesin superfamily. Several studies have shown that KIF18A is highly expressed in most malignant tumors (renal carcinoma, breast cancer, etc.), and expression of KIF18A is associated with cell proliferation, tumor staging and the prognosis of tumor cells [6,10,24,28]. KIF2C is also a kinesin-like protein. Several studies have shown KIF2C is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors, and it might represent a target for the active immunotherapy [16,39,47]. Cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1) is a conserved protein kinase found in fission yeast, and it is a very important speed limit point in the cell cycle [18,44,48]. The overexpression of CHEK1 is associated with pathogenesis of many human malignant tumors, such as lung, bladder, colon, stomach, ovarian, and cervical cancers [7,38,56]. Also, the signature gene BAI3 is a type of brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor, and it has been linked to tumor prognosis and brain neurological diseases [3,23,29,40]. Thus, the identified gene set has potential to serve as targets for further functional studies to develop novel cancer treatments.