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Assessment of Chronic Pain Patients
Published in Andrea Kohn Maikovich-Fong, Handbook of Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Pain, 2019
Anxiety disorder prevalence in chronic pain patients may be twice as high as in the general public (i.e., 35% versus 18%) (Turk et al., 2016). Diagnoses of panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder are three times more common in patients with chronic pain (McWilliams, Cox, & Enns, 2003). Anxiety and fear contribute to the cycle of disability and the maintenance of pain. Specifically, patients can develop multiple avoidance behaviors out of fear that they will experience pain, increased pain, increased disability, or rejection by others and the medical field. Unfortunately, these avoidance behaviors often contribute to maintaining and increasing pain via numerous pathways. Patients experiencing anxiety also may experience muscle tension and physiological arousal that can contribute to pain. Additionally, they may remain inactive and sedentary, adding to weight loss or gain and to muscle atrophy, which in turn can increase pain and disability.
Muscle Physiology and Electromyography
Published in Verna Wright, Eric L. Radin, Mechanics of Human Joints, 2020
Resting muscle is generally considered electrically inactive, since the potential fluctuations at rest are negligible. Although most normal individuals can relax to such a degree that no electrical activity is recorded (24), in some patients with psychological problems there is a constant low level of activity, referred to as the muscle tension factor (25).
D-ribose-L-cysteine modulates paradoxical sleep deprivation-induced neurological impairments: anxiolytic and antioxidative study in rat model
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2022
Taiwo Abayomi, Olorunfemi Tokunbo, Oluwatobiloba Oroyemi, Olawale Abayomi, Opeyemi Osuntokun, Benedict Falana, Temidayo Adeniyi
Sleep is a ubiquitous phenomenon and most species, including humans spend a significant time asleep. It is widely acknowledged that sleep is crucial for proper brain function. There are five phases of sleep: the wake phase, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) phase, which has 3 stages (N1 to N3), and the rapid eye movement (REM) phase. Wakefulness is characterized by more than 50% alpha waves and opening of the eyes. The N1 stage of the NREM phase is the most superficial stage of sleep characterized by skeletal muscle tone and regular breathing rate. The N2 stage, where the majority of sleep is spent, typifies a deeper stage of sleep characterized by lowered body temperature and heart rate. As deeper sleep develops, there is a transition to the N3 stage of NREM. This is the deepest stage of sleep when the body repairs worn-out tissues, builds bones and strengthens the immune system. REM sleep usually begins about 90 minutes after an individual falls asleep. Apart from the eye and diaphragmatic breathing muscles which remain active, all other skeletal muscles are inactive. The REM stage of sleep is characterized by dreaming and erratic breathing rate [1].
Effect of aerobic training on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients older than 75 years with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Bingying Deng, Xiaoling Shou, Aihua Ren, Xinwen Liu, Qinan Wang, Bozhong Wang, Yan Wang, Ting Yan, Xiaoxia Zhao, Liyue Zhu
Increased maximal oxygen uptake can alleviate patients’ cardiopulmonary symptoms, reduce the myocardial burden and improve functional capacity, and this may lead to improvements in daily physical activities (Yang et al., 2017), which would favorably affect individual’s mental health. This is illustrated by the following results in our study: in the CR group, the SAS and SDS scores were remarkably reduced after the intervention compared to baseline. The finding suggests that CR can significantly mitigate the anxiety and depression, resulting from the illness and relieve discomfort from the change of lifestyle and physical discomfort. Physically active people are less depressed, compared with their sedentary counterparts, and inactive persons who become active are less likely to become depressed (Egger et al., 2008). Consideration of the correlation between physical activity and mental health may partly explain the decreased SAS and SDS scores.
Civic engagement among student veterans
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2020
David L. Albright, Justin T. McDaniel, Kelli Godfrey, Kate H. Thomas, Kari L. Fletcher, Gina Rosen
Additionally, data from the present study indicate an association between civic engagement and increased physical activity. Physical movement is important and has been linked to positive health outcomes for people of every age and social group; specific research on depression in military veterans indicates that veterans who report being physically inactive are almost twice as likely to suffer from depression.43 Social support also has been shown to mediate physical activity and mental and physical health morbidities among service members and veterans.45 The finding from the current study suggests that colleges and universities that encourage civic engagement among service member and veteran students might see increased utilization of their campus-based recreation activities, which might also support these students’ mental health.