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Published in Ken Addley, MCQs, MEQs and OSPEs in Occupational Medicine, 2023
The purpose of using a hand dynamometer is to measure the maximum isometric strength of the hand and forearm muscles. It can be adjusted for hand size and must be calibrated regularly for consistent results. Hand grip strength can be quantified by measuring the amount of static force that the hand can squeeze around a dynamometer. The force is commonly measured in kilograms and pounds, but also in millilitres of mercury and in Newtons.
Exercise testing in older adults
Published in R. C. Richard Davison, Paul M. Smith, James Hopker, Michael J. Price, Florentina Hettinga, Garry Tew, Lindsay Bottoms, Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume II – Exercise and Clinical Testing, 2022
Matt W. Hill, Michael J. Price
Maximal grip strength is widely used for the measurement of muscle strength and has been suggested as a biomarker of ageing (Sayer and Kirkwood, 2015). Low grip strength is consistently associated with poor outcomes, including care dependence, all-cause and disease-specific mortality, falls, fractures and hospitalisation. Variable procedures and cut-off points are evident for the older adult population, so we recommend that practitioners use a standardised measurement protocol (e.g., the Southampton protocol; Roberts et al., 2011). Briefly, a handgrip strength dynamometer is gripped with flexed fingers and base of the thumb with the participant seated, elbow at side and hand in a neutral position. Participants should be encouraged to squeeze as hard as possible for 3–5 s. The highest reading of three attempts is recorded.
Principles of Surgery
Published in Gozie Offiah, Arnold Hill, RCSI Handbook of Clinical Surgery for Finals, 2019
Body Mass Index (BMI) is the most commonly used measure of nutrition.➢ Weight / height 2.➢ 18-25 kg/m2 is normal, <15 underweight, >30 obese.➢ Grip strength is a useful measure of skeletal muscle strength.➢ Albumin and transferrin levels are poor indicators of nutritional state.➢ Prealbumin has been shown to be a useful test of nutritional status and progress, although not routinely done in clinical practice.
Effect of electromyographic biofeedback training on functional status in zone I-III flexor tendon injuries: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Umut Eraslan, Ali Kitis, Ahmet Fahir Demirkan, Ramazan Hakan Ozcan
Grip strength was evaluated according to the procedure suggested by the American Association of Hand Therapists. The Jamar hand dynamometer was used to measure the gross grip strength. Measurements were taken with the patient sitting in a chair without elbow support, with the arm in adduction and neutral rotation, elbow in 90° flexion, and the forearm and wrist in a neutral position. Starting from the dominant hand, measurements were repeated on both sides. The average of three measurements, carried out without any rest interval, was recorded. Similarly, the pinch-grip strength (in kg) was measured with the Jamar pinchmeter and repeated in 4 different positions: tip pinch, pulp pinch, lateral pinch, and affected finger pulp pinch (Mathiowetz, Weber, Volland, and Kashman, 1984; Villafañe, Valdes, Bertozzi, and Negrini, 2014).
Does a relationship between handgrip strength and coincidence anticipation timing exist among young adults: a pilot study
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Tracy Le, Andrew L. Shim, David Newman
The use of one’s hands in an industrial environment plays an important role in safety and efficiency. Maximum handgrip strength is the measure of extreme force while flexing one’s fingers in one effort [5]. Lad et al. [6] discovered there was a positive relationship between body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength in both males and females. Their study suggests that individuals with higher body mass percentages and higher BMIs also had an increase in handgrip strength. Grip strength has been shown to be a predictor of overall strength, one’s nutritional and health status as well as chronological age [6–8]. It further established that the decline in handgrip strength is related to injury, falls, malnutrition and lower quality of life [9]. Tieland et al. [10] confirmed grip strength as a valid marker to identify muscle ability and correlated the muscle mass and leg strength in older adults. Grip strength has provided important markers that dictate positive wellness and functionality for most adults, especially among health practitioners.
Measuring static muscular strength among female operatives: a cross-sectional comparison in different handicraft occupations
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2021
Ashish Kumar Singh, Makkhan Lal Meena, Himanshu Chaudhary
The primary concerns of these previous longitudinal studies were the assessment of work-related disorders among handicraft workers. A literature review indicates that no significant research has been carried out so far in the handicraft sector from a static muscular strength perspective, despite the heterogeneous tools used. A cross-sectional study advocates the evaluation of muscle grip strength as a diagnostic tool for assessing the outcome of hand injury [43]. Moreover, the work exposure of previous occupations has a direct association with the present grip strength of the worker [44]. In a longitudinal study of 1107 recently hired young workers, it was reported that the loss of grip strength alone was an inappropriate predictor of assessing upper-extremity MSDs among newly recruited workers [45]. Grip strength is one of the essential characteristics of a healthy hand [46]. Moreover, it has also shown a significant difference between healthy and subacute patients [47]. A few studies have shown that exposure to CTS and HAV among workers engaged in hand-intensive jobs led to lower grip strength [29,32,48].