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In Vivo Suppression of Solid Ehrlich Cancer via Ag and Co/Ag Mediated PTT
Published in Anne George, K. S. Joshy, Mathew Sebastian, Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi, Sabu Thomas, Holistic Approaches to Infectious Diseases, 2017
Iman E. O. Gomaa, Mona B. Mohamed, Tarek A. El-Tayeb
In vivo experiments were performed using Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. These are transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor cells that appeared originally as a spontaneous breast adenocarcinoma in albino mice. Ehrlich tumor cells are grown in vivo at the abdominal region of albino mouse by intraperitoneal injection, forming ascetic cells, which form solid tumor mass upon subcutaneous injection.
Regulation of Pyruvate Kinase in Normal and Pathological Conditions
Published in Rivka Beitner, Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, 1985
As already mentioned, type K pyruvate kinase is strongly inhibited by alanine. It has been reported that addition of alanine to intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells increased the respiratory rate and decrease the glycolytic rate.116 Concomitant with these changes is an accumulation of intracellular phospho-enol-pyruvate and ADP, and a decrease in pyruvate and ATP, indicating that pyruvate kinase is inhibited. These results are in accordance with a role of pyruvate kinase as a determinant of glycolytic activity by competing with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for the available ADP.116 Using cells, partially permeabilized to nucleotides and phosphorylated substrates, Gosalvez et al.117 provided evidence supporting the existence in hepatocytes of a partial control by adenosine triphosphate at phosphofructokinase, which is followed by the total control by adenosine triphosphate at pyruvate kinase. The partial absence or nonoperation of this second site in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells appears to be the cause for the characteristic aerobic glycolysis, Crabtree effect, and low Pasteur effect of these cells.117 These properties would also be of potential physiological significance in fetal tissues, which also use the K-isozyme.
Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) and Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Jasbir Kaur, Sana Nafees, Mohd Anwar, Jamal Akhtar, Nighat Anjum
Anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activity:Rathi et al., (2009) investigated the anticancer activity of G. glabra, and results show that chloroform extract has good cytotoxicity against cancerous MCF7 cells (human breast cancer), as it consists of a high quantity of β-glycyrrhetic acid. In another study, Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were inhibited by the aqueous extract as shown in in vivo and in vitro proliferation, preventing angiogenesis and in vivo assay choreo-allantoic and peritoneal membrane assay (Sheela et al., 2006). Furthermore, there is considerable evidence of anticancer effects of its derivatives both in in vivo and in vitro studies. Studies show that the proapoptotic pathway could be triggered by the glycyrrhetic acid by inducing mitochondrial membrane permeability transition, which is helpful in inducing apoptosis of tumor cells (Salvi et al., 2003; Fiore et al., 2004). The compound licocoumarone induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and Bcl2 phosphorylation and apoptosis in human monoblastic leukemia U937 cells. This compound is also known to have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity (Watanabe et al., 2002). Sharma et al. (2014) evaluated the antimutagenic effect of hydromethanolic extract of G. glabra roots, and results showed the potent antimutagenic potential through inhibition of micronucleus development and chromosomal aberration in bone marrow cells of albino mice. It has been found that glycyrrhizin encourages the activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity in untreated cells; however, it suppressed 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbal-13-acetate (TPA) induced AP-1 activity in TPA cells. This mechanism could serve as a model for the development of new chemoprotective agents (Hsiang et al., 2002).
Enhancing the in vitro and in vivo activity of itraconazole against breast cancer using miltefosine-modified lipid nanocapsules
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Nabila A. El-Sheridy, Riham M. El-Moslemany, Alyaa A. Ramadan, Maged W. Helmy, Labiba K. El-Khordagui
Mammary tumors were induced in female balb/c mice using Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells obtained from the National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt. In brief, approximately 107 of EAT cells suspended in PBS, were inoculated subcutaneously into the left side of the mammary fat pad of mice (Elzoghby et al., 2017). Treatment started when the solid tumors became visible (50–100 mm3) 14 days post cell inoculation and continued for 14 days. Tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into five groups, six mice each, as follows: group 1: control (untreated), group 2: DOX injection (Dox, 5 mg/kg once weekly), group 3: ITC-sol in DMSO (10 mg/kg once daily), group 4: ITC-LNC (10 mg/kg once daily), and group 5: M-ITC LNC providing the dose of 10 mg/kg ITC and 2 mg/kg MFS, once daily. At the end of the 14 day-study, animals were sacrificed with a large dose of thiopental (50 mg/kg. i.p.) and the excised tumors were washed with ice-cold phosphate buffer and their weights determined. Tumors were then divided into portions for different assessments. Antitumor efficacy was assessed by determining the % change in tumor volume and tumor weight, histopathological and immunohistopathological examination of the tumor for necrotic and antiproliferative effects, respectively, alongside quantitative determination of three tumor biomarkers.
Sulforaphane-decorated gold nanoparticle for anti-cancer activity: in vitro and in vivo studies
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2019
Bio-distribution and affinity of the drug and optimized batch of the nanoparticle to the solid tumor were determined using gamma scintigraphy. SFN plain drug and optimized formulation were radiolabeled with Technetium-99m (99mTc) using the standard protocol of INMAS, DRDO, Delhi. In brief, 2 mg of reducing agent (stannous chloride in aqueous solution 0.2%w/v) was first added to 20 mg of SFN or GNP. 0.5 ml (5–10 mCi) 99mTc was then added to the stannous chloride-SFN/GNP solution and kept for 45 min. Normal TLC method with acetone as mobile phase was used to determine percentage tagging using. Labeling stability was evaluated over the period of 24 h by doing TLC in the similar fashion (data not shown). Six male mice (25–30 g) were divided into two groups (n = 3). The solid tumor was induced in the left forelimb of all animals in both groups by administering Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells. Radiolabeled SFN and optimized nanoparticles (dose equivalent to 160 µci) were orally administered to the first and second group, respectively. At the time period of 0.5, 2, 4, and 24 h, images were captured by using Siemens Symbia T2, True Point SPECT-CT system. The percentage of the radioactivity that reaches to the tumor cells, as well as different parts of the body, was determined with respect to the total activity.
Co-delivery of a RanGTP inhibitory peptide and doxorubicin using dual-loaded liposomal carriers to combat chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer cells
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2020
Yusuf Haggag, Bayan Abu Ras, Yahia El-Tanani, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Paul McCarron, Mohammed Isreb, Mohamed El-Tanani
The induction of a solid Ehrlich carcinoma tumor was performed as previously described [23,41]. Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells, supplied from the National Institute of Cancer, Egypt, were collected from the ascites fluid of female mice harboring 8–10-day old ascites tumor. Approximately, 2 × 106 viable EAT cells were suspended in PBS and injected subcutaneously into the back of BALB/C female mice. Growth was assessed daily until the tumor volume reached 100 mm3. Volume was calculated by measuring both perpendicular diameters of the tumor using a digital caliper and applying the following equation [42].