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NO from Flaxseed Enhances Sexual Function
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Flaxseed, 2023
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
It was found that diabetic patients had significantly lower indices of Δ6-desaturase and elongase activities compared to the other studied groups. The same group of participants displayed lower erythrocyte levels of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid precursor of the messenger molecule PGE1 mainly involved in promoting erection. Moreover, absolute saturated fatty acids (SFA)s concentration and HOMA-IR levels were higher in type 2 diabetes patients with VED when compared to controls, and associated with impaired NO concentration.
Nutrition and endometriosis
Published in Caroline Overton, Colin Davis, Lindsay McMillan, Robert W Shaw, Charles Koh, An Atlas of ENDOMETRIOSIS, 2020
The enzyme Δ6-desaturase comes into play to convert a-linolenic acid (ALA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and this enzyme is reduced by stress, so less of the anti-inflammatory prostaglandins are produced. But at the same time, stress increases the conversion of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) to arachidonic acid, which in turn produces the pro-inflammatory prostaglandins.
Placental metabolomics in obese pregnancies
Published in Moshe Hod, Vincenzo Berghella, Mary E. D'Alton, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Eduard Gratacós, Vassilios Fanos, New Technologies and Perinatal Medicine, 2019
Irene Cetin, Chiara Novielli, Chiara Mandò
Another study recently described placental lipid droplets composition in obese pregnancies, using LC-MS/MS technology (37). Placental lipid droplets are involved in maternal/fetal lipid transfer, and this study reported that lifestyle intervention in obese women has the potential to modify lipid storage in the placenta, with possible beneficial effects. Placental lipid droplets of obese women undergoing a specific lifestyle intervention presented a lower proportion of the LC-PUFA DGLA (dihomo-γ-linolenic acid). This fatty acid is associated with obesity and insulin resistance, which could have consequences for obesity later in life. In addition, Uhl et al. (32) focused on differences in the glycerophospholipids (GPL) profile of placentas from obese women by LC-MS. They identified significantly smaller amounts of phosphatidylcholine (18:0/20:3) and phosphatidylethanolamine (18:1/18:1 and 18:1/20:3) compared to placentas from lean mothers, with a species-specific relation of cord blood fatty acids to placental GPL species.
Boletus aereus protects against acute alcohol-induced liver damage in the C57BL/6 mouse via regulating the oxidative stress-mediated NF-κB pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Luping Zhang, Bo Meng, Lanzhou Li, Yanzhen Wang, Yuanzhu Zhang, Xuexun Fang, Di Wang
For the main components of BA, 30.60% was total sugar, 4.80% was reducing sugar, 1.44% was triterpenes, 0.23% was flavonoids, 17.90% was mannitol, 12.20% was crude fat, 24.30% was total protein, 2.03% was polyphenols, 1.40% was sterols, 0.02% was vitamin B2 and 0.42% was vitamin B3; however, adenosine and vitamin A, B1, B6, C, D2, D3 and E were not detected (Table 1). A total of 17 amino acids were determined, among which the contents of methionine (0.60%), glutamic acid (0.39%) and aspartic acid (0.32%) were higher than those of the others (Table 1). Among the 13 detected minerals, K, Fe and Na were the most abundant (Table 1). Thirty-five fatty acids were measured, among which the contents of linoleic acid, oleic acid and hexadecanoic acid were significantly higher than those of the other fatty acids; however, capric acid, undecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, myristoleic acid, cis-10-pentadecenoic acid, elaidic acid, trans-linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid methyl ester, docosahexaenoic acid and octanoic acid were not detected (Table 1).
Current and emerging biologic and small molecule therapies for atopic dermatitis
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2019
Randall Li, Suhail Hadi, Emma Guttman-Yassky
It is hypothesized that AD may be a disorder of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism [176–178]. AD patients have demonstrated significantly lower levels of Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), an essential fatty acid, compared to healthy patients [179]. Via COX-1 and COX-2 pathways, DGLA is metabolized into anti-inflammatory eicosanoids [177,180]. Specifically, the prostaglandin PGD1 may prevent AD development through downregulating TSLP mRNA expression, suppressing mast cell and keratinocyte activation, and reducing itch [180]. DGLA may have antibacterial properties and has been shown to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus [181]. Oral administration of DGLA has been found to prevent the development of AD in NC/Nga mice and reduce clinical severity scores [180].
Associations Among Fatty Acids, Desaturase and Elongase, and Insulin Resistance in Children
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Lori M. Beccarelli, Rachel Erin Scherr, John W. Newman, Alison G. Borkowska, Ira J. Gray, Jessica D. Linnell, Carl L. Keen, Heather M. Young
Concentrations of specific fatty acids (FAs) and desaturase and elongase enzyme activities have been used to characterize the role of lipids in obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Plasma FA composition reflects both dietary fat intake over several weeks [6,7] and endogenous FA metabolism [8,9]. Studies demonstrate high relative percentages of palmitic, palmitoleic, and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and low percentages of linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the plasma and serum of children with insulin resistance and increased adiposity [10–13]. Many of these studies have investigated FA composition in older age groups (11–15 years), with few studies in younger children.