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Inflammatory Myopathy
Published in Maher Kurdi, Neuromuscular Pathology Made Easy, 2021
The inflammation in DM is always CD4+ T-cells rather than CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. CD68 macrophages are variable. Many reports demonstrated that immunohistochemical staining for MxA (myxovirus resistance A) protein is a sensitive marker for DM more than the perifascicular pathology and MAC deposition. The most pathognomonic sign of DM is the presence of tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) in endothelial cells, seen ultrastructurally (Figure 12.1 b; Chapter 12).
Histopathology of the Lung in Asphyxiation, Suffocation and Pressure to the Neck
Published in Burkhard Madea, Asphyxiation, Suffocation,and Neck Pressure Deaths, 2020
Wolfgang Grellner, Burkhard Madea
For special purposes, immunohistochemical techniques for the detection and characterization of alveolar macrophages and pulmonary giant cells may be performed. A panel of selected markers has been proposed as follows: CD68, LN–4, etc.: general markers of macrophages.27E10: early-stage inflammation marker.25F9: late-stage inflammation marker.AMH152: marker of activated macrophages.Ki-67: proliferation marker.
Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Dermal Monocyte/Macrophage System
Published in Brian J. Nickoloff, Dermal Immune System, 2019
Wolfram Sterry, Wolf-Henning Boehncke
In addition to the markers mentioned so far, several antibodies are available directed against paraffin-resistant antigens: antibody KP-156 recognizes a highly glycosylated protein with a molecular weight of about 110 kDa. The same protein is also seen by a number of other antibodies, including Ki-M6. These antibodies were assigned to CD68.57 Within this group, KP-1 is the only antibody recognizing a paraffin-resistant epitope. KP-1 reactivity is not restricted to monocytes and macrophages. Cross-reactivity with mast cells and granulocyte precursors have been observed.
Eudragit S100 prepared pH-responsive liposomes-loaded betulinic acid against colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2022
Gang Wang, Yu Yang, Du Yi, Lu Yuan, Pei-Hao Yin, Xu Ke, Wang Jun-Jie, Min-Fang Tao
In this study, it revealed that pH-BA-LP could enhance T-cell dependent immunity by amplifying the function of CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Moreover, studies have suggested that CD68 and CD163 could enhance the expansion and effector functions of CD8+ T cells (Slagter et al.2019). Certain types of cancer chemotherapies appear to stimulate antitumor immunity and mouse studies revealed a key role of CD68 and CD163 in this process (Bertheloot and Latz 2017). Based on our studies, we have reported that pH-BA-LP successfully regulated cancer immunosurveillance by tumor-specific CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. IHC found that the positive infiltration rates of CD8 and CD68 in mice in the high-dose pH-BA-LP group increased compared with the blank control group, whereas CD163 was relatively decreased.
Lipogenic stromal cells as members of the foam-cell population in human atherosclerosis: Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural assessment of 6 cases
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2022
Yong-Xin Ru, Zhang Xue-Bin, Xiao-Ling Yan, Dong Shu-Xu, Zhang Yongqiang, Li Ying, Liu Jing, Brian Eyden
In our study, all categories of lipid-laden/foam cells were positive for CD68, and, interestingly, the positivity was stronger in the large, rounded foam cells than lipoleiomyocytes and lipomyofibroblasts. In contrast, myofilaments and other organelles were significantly decreased from these two kinds of spindled lipid-laden cells to the rounded foam cells in line with lipid accumulation (Table 2). This interpretation is consistent with the report of α-SMA+/ CD68+ cells occurring in the lipid cores of CAPs.46,47 It suggests that CD68 expression is closely associated with lipid accumulation in various mesenchymal cells during differentiation in atherosclerosis (Figure 12). This may simply mean that cells that are not normally of macrophage differentiation – namely, SMCs, myofibroblasts and fibroblasts – can under certain circumstances carry out lipid ingestion, a classical macrophage activity. Alternatively, malfunctioning of the lysosomal compartment of the above-mentioned myoid cells may result in lipid accumulation and play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Macrophages expressing TREM-1 are involved in the progression of HPV16-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Barbara Azzimonti, Luca Raimondo, Diletta Francesca Squarzanti, Tiziana Rosso, Paola Zanetta, Paolo Aluffi Valletti, Luigi Chiusa, Laura Masini, Giancarlo Pecorari, Mario Airoldi, Marco Krengli, Mirella Giovarelli, Guido Valente
As observed by Kitamura et al., CD68± tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), seem to play a not negligible role in this context [29]. In accordance with this, our data account for a negative role of TAMs on the survival of patients with OP-SCCs, by considering selectively the cells distributed in the perineoplastic stromal tissue. CD68 is a pan-macrophage marker, encompassing both the functional M1 (pro-inflammatory and anti-tumour) and M2 (anti-inflammatory and pro-tumour) profiles. The association of infiltrating macrophages with a poor prognosis, demonstrated by CD68 and/or CD163 immunophenotyping, has been previously reported in a number of head and neck tumours [30–34], but infrequently in selective series of OP-SCCs. The peculiar anatomic and immunologic characteristics of this subsite and the interference of HPV infection suggest that macrophages may sustain a stringent biologic significance.