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Patient autonomy and criminal law
Published in Paweł Daniluk, Patient Autonomy and Criminal Law, 2023
For the misdemeanour referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, a fine in the amount of 500,00 to 3.000,00 BAM is prescribed for the responsible person in the healthcare institution, and a fine in the amount of 300,00 to 1.500,00 BAM for the holder of the approval for private practice. In addition to a fine, the perpetrator of a misdemeanour may be banned from performing activities for a period of up to six months, with the aim of preventing future misdemeanours.50
Do I Have IBS?
Published in Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck, Reclaim Your Life From IBS, 2022
Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck
One common cause of bile acid diarrhea is bile acid malabsorption (BAM). This occurs when the ileum isn’t able to reabsorb the bile acid, and too much makes it into the large intestine. This is an obvious risk for folks with Crohn’s disease (or other conditions) who may have active disease in the ileum or may have had part or all of the ileum resected or removed. But celiac disease and microscopic colitis can also contribute to bile acid malabsorption. There is a test called the SeHCAT test (75-selenium homocholic acid taurine test) which is considered the gold standard for diagnosing BAM, but for various reasons, it’s not widely available in the USA.
Reorganization of the Genome During Aging of Proliferative Cell Compartments
Published in Alvaro Macieira-Coelho, Molecular Basis of Aging, 2017
DNA from young and terminal human fibroblasts was extracted with the Hirt method, centrifuged to equilibrium in CsCl gradients containing ethidium bromide, and collected in four different fractions. DNA from these fractions, undigested or cleaved with Bam H1 restriction enzyme, was hybridized to the alpha-globin and beta-actin probes (Figure 23). For DNA isolated from cells at the 16th doubling, the alpha-globin and beta-actin probes hybridized as a very faint band at 5 kb (fraction 2) (Figures 23A′ and Β′). In old cells the autoradiogram of the undigested DNA sample from fraction 2° (density 1.62) showed several bands of hybridization with the alpha-globin and beta-actin probes (Figures 23A′ and B′). The fastest running band (I) corresponds to covalently closed circular extrachromosomal DNA, the second band (II) contains nicked circular molecules, and the other bands are dimers and multimers of the form I. The Bam Hl-digested material ran as 5 and 14 kb (doubling 59, fraction 2) (Figures 24A′ and B′) The interferon probe had no homology with the DNA extracted according to Hirt. In preparations from both young and terminal cells, DNA was visible by UV fluorescence after ethidium bromide staining in fraction 3 (density 1.59) (Figure 23A and B). It probably corresponded to mitochondrial DNA since it could be cleaved by Bam H1 in a single fragment of 17 kb. This DNA did not hybridize to the globin and actin cDNA probes (Figure 23). The Alu human highly repeated sequence probe, BLUR-8, hybridized to the circular DNA present in fractions 2°, 2,3°, and 3 (Figure 24).
Analysis of the Escherichia coli extracellular vesicle proteome identifies markers of purity and culture conditions
Published in Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, 2019
Jiwon Hong, Priscila Dauros-Singorenko, Alana Whitcombe, Leo Payne, Cherie Blenkiron, Anthony Phillips, Simon Swift
Bacterial EV heterogeneity and multiple EV biogenesis mechanisms proposed by recent studies [2,6,13] led us to study the effect of purification on the EV proteome. “Crude input” samples were prepared by a common method that involves sequential filtration and ultracentrifugation. DGC and SEC, two methods frequently used for eukaryotic EV research [38], were used to further purify the bacterial EVs here. By comparing EV proteome prepared by different purification methods, we found a few potential technical methods and purification markers. Three proteins (RbsB of UPEC EV in R; YoeA of UPEC EV in RF; BamA of Nissle EV in R) were consistently enriched in the DGC- and SEC-purified EV samples in comparison to their input EVs. RbsB is a part of the ABC transporter complex RbsABC and involved in chemotaxis. RbsB has been previously identified in EVs of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, which is a major cause of enteric diseases [39], but has not been previously detected in UPEC EVs. YoeA (UniProt#P76356) is an uncharacterized outer membrane protein and has a TonB-dependent Receptor Plug Domain (pfam07715; amino acid residues 54–159 of 167; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/), suggesting a biological role as a receptor. BamA is a part of the outer membrane protein assembly complex, previously identified in EVs of two E. coli strains DH5α [40] and Nissle [41]. RbsB, YoeA and BamA enriched in purified EVs may represent true EV-associated proteins, and may be useful protein markers for assessing purity after EV purification or for antibody-assisted EV purification.
Evaluation of adverse events of bamlanivimab, bamlanivimab/etesevimab used for COVID-19 based on FAERS database
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2023
Yunfei Zhao, Huiling Wang, Qingsong Zhang, Yongxin Hu, Yulong Xu, Wei Liu
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the AEs of BAM and BAM/ETE in the treatment of COVID-19. Oxygen saturation decreased and infusion related reactions are common events in the BAM and BAM/ETE FAERS database, which confirm the label information for BAM/ETE but not BAM, so it may be necessary to reevaluation the BAM label. Given the case reports and signal detection results, potential risks such as acute respiratory failure, hypersensitivity, and infusion-related reaction of BAM/ETE need to be considered in particular. However, relevant data are limited and the data may be a comprehensive result of multiple factors, so long-term observation is required for AEs to ensure the health and safety of COVID-19 patients.
Clinical evaluation and treatment of chronic bowel symptoms following cancer in the colon and pelvic organs
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2019
Helene Mathilde Larsen, Mette Borre, Peter Christensen, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes, Søren Laurberg, Klaus Krogh, Janne Fassov
The golden standard for diagnosis of BAM is analysis of bile acids in stools collected during 24 h, but the test is cumbersome. However, SeHCAT scan is a safe alternative with high sensitivity and specificity [22,23]. In our cohort, 29 patients had severe to moderate BAM based on SeHCAT. Future studies are necessary to establish whether BAM is so common after right-sided hemicolectomy that patients should be treated empirically with bile acid sequestrants. It is, however, clinically important that BAM is not restricted to patients in whom ileal resection has been performed. Thus, 59% [40.7–76.5%] of our patients treated for cancer outside the right colon had BAM.