China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Role of Platelets in Altered Airway Responsiveness
Published in Devendra K. Agrawal, Robert G. Townley, Inflammatory Cells and Mediators in Bronchial Asthma, 2020
Platelets are also a source of a variety of molecules which are chemotactic for other inflammatory cell types, including neutrophils9,10 (platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF] and certain lipoxygenase products such as 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid [12-HETE]), eosinophils11 (platelet factor 4 [PF4]), and monocytes9,12 (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]).
Antipsoriatic Medicinal Plants
Published in José L. Martinez, Amner Muñoz-Acevedo, Mahendra Rai, Ethnobotany, 2019
José Luis Ríos, Guillermo R. Schinella, Isabel Andújar
The use of plant extracts or products as inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis is based on the previous reports on the increase of lipoxygenase activity, leukotrienes and other lipoxygenase products in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (Voorhees 1983). Consequently, 5- and 12-lipoxygenase inhibitors could have beneficial effect in this disease. Different pathologic events can be explained by the action of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE): the normal epidermis synthesizes predominantly 12(S)-HETE, whereas the product derived from psoriatic skin is its enantiomer 12(R)-HETE (Schneider and Bucar 2005). However, Ford-Hutchinson (1993) had previously described doubts on the case of 5-lipoxygenase because there is no clear evidence of its presence in human skin, and selective leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors have no therapeutic utility in psoriasis. Based on these features, many of the studied plants with potential as antipsoriatic agents are found in the arachidonate metabolism via lipoxygenase and in their antioxidant properties.
Bottom-Up Cell Culture Models to Elucidate Human In Vitro Biomarkers of Infection
Published in Raquel Cumeras, Xavier Correig, Volatile organic compound analysis in biomedical diagnosis applications, 2018
Michael Schivo, Mitchell M. McCartney, Mei S. Yamaguchi, Eva Borras, Cristina E. Davis
Exhaled breath is a valuable medium to study how metabolites change with physiology. Previous studies have shown that the breath biomarkers panel will change with disease or its physiology; moreover, different biomarkers can be detected in different disease or physiology in breath. Figueroa et al. used GC-MS to study exhaled breath condensate from subjects before and after being exposed to normobaric hypoxia. Some patients had a history of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Two compounds (benzyl alcohol and dimethylbenzaldehyde) found in the breath samples could distinguish between those with and without a history of HAPE. This suggests that key metabolic differences exist in patients who have been afflicted by HAPE. Ketones, aromatic compounds, and monoterpenes were uniquely found in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients exhaled breath (Mansoor et al., 2014). Nording et al. found five fatty acid metabolites: 9,12,13- trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (9,12,13-TriHOME), 9,10,13-TriHOME, 12,13- dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME), 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), and 12 (13)-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (12(13)-EpOME) in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) that may be potential biomarkers for asthma monitoring and diagnosis (Nording et al., 2010).
Cutaneous leishmaniasis: multiomics approaches to unravel the role of immune cells checkpoints
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2022
Yasaman Taslimi, Nasrin Masoudzadeh, Fariborz Bahrami, Sima Rafati
It is also known that lipid mediators are important modulators of inflammation with respect to both the initiation and resolution of inflammatory responses [129]. The identification of proper markers to predict the treatment outcome is of paramount importance. Recently, more attention has been paid to understanding the role of lipid mediator expression profiles and their contribution to the treatment failure of CL patients. An investigation by Malta-Santos et al., showed the overall abundance profile of the lipid mediators are distinct in the plasma of CL patients with the different outcome (failure vs. cured). This study revealed that the lipid mediators are major components that enable to discriminate the treatment outcomes. They also introduced 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-oxo-HETE), 5-oxo-HETE, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) as the most robust biomarkers [130].
Sample management for clinical biochemistry assays: Are serum and plasma interchangeable specimens?
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2018
Gabriel Lima-Oliveira, Denis Monneret, Fabrice Guerber, Gian Cesare Guidi
In Table 3, we did not observe a difference (p > .05) between serum and plasma for total cholesterol or triglycerides; however, HDL cholesterol was higher in serum compared to plasma. Moreover, the mean percent difference between HDL cholesterol in serum and in plasma from blood collected in Sarstedt® tubes could jeopardize the evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk and therapeutic decisions (Figure 3). Furthermore, laboratory managers should carefully consider selecting plasma or alternatively serum for some lipid metabolite assays viewed as risk biomarkers, such as:the metabolites involved in platelet aggregation (e.g. thromboxane B2, 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid, and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) need to be measured using plasma because the clotting process causes large increases in these metabolite levels, which do not reflect their true levels [94];12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic, 14-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid, and 20-hydroxy- Leukotriene B4 can be detected only in serum compared with plasma, as plasma levels are below detection limit [94];lysophosphatidylinositol is more abundant in plasma than in serum, possibly because their consumption is prevented in plasma by inhibition of the blood clotting cascade that activates thrombin and other proteases [95].
Key Role of 12-Lipoxygenase and Its Metabolite 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (12-HETE) in Diabetic Retinopathy
Published in Current Eye Research, 2022
Contrary to the protective effect of ω-3 PUFAs on DR, ω-6 PUFAs were found increased in diabetic patients, especially AA, whose pro-inflammatory products are important lipid mediators to regulate DR development.18,19 12-LOX converts AA into 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HpETE), which is then reduced by glutathione peroxidase to 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). Many studies have shown that 12-LOX and its product, 12-HETE, promote inflammation and oxidative stress, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.20,21