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Phagocytosis By Human Neutrophils
Published in Hans H. Gadebusch, Phagocytes and Cellular Immunity, 2020
There is some good evidence that neutrophils may release proteins that are chemotactic for other neutrophils. Zigmond and Hirsch73 described a protein derived from neutrophils incubated with aggregated gamma globulin that was strongly chemotactic for neutrophils in the Boyden chamber assay. This factor did not require the presence of serum and was stable to heating at 56°C for 30 min and thus was apparently not related to complement. Yoshinaga121 and his colleagues isolated a protein from the skin of animals in which an Arthus reaction was induced. This protein, purified to apparent homogeneity by molecular sieve and ion-exchange chromatography, had a molecular weight of approximately 140,000 daltons. This material, termed “leucoegre-sin,” induced pronounced neutrophil migration but had no effect on vascular permeability. Its characteristics were such that it was postulated to be the natural mediator for neutrophil migration in inflammation. The relationship between leucoegresin and the factor described by Zigmond and Hirsch73 is not presently known.
Macromolecular Absorption From The Digestive Tract In Young Vertebrates
Published in Károly Baintner, Intestinal Absorption of Macromolecules and Immune Transmission from Mother to Young, 2019
In in vitro experiments, selectivity was even higher than in vivo. The everted intestinal sacs of newborn piglets absorbed different IgGs from solutions containing glucose in the following order: bovine > porcine > ovine — equine — human.1600 When dialyzed bovine or porcine colostrum was supplemented with human serum albumin, the albumin was absorbed much more readily than the respective IgG, with a molecular ratio of 20:1 on the serosal side.1145,1147 However, the same authors’146 failed to find major differences in in vivo absorption between albumin and IgG when these proteins were fed to newborn piglets in dialyzed colostrum. A possible explanation for the contradictory results of in vitro vs. in vivo experiments is that the vulnerable neonatal intestine might become progressively leaky during handling and incubation, and this might prove advantageous for the passage of molecules of smaller size (molecular sieve effect) and of higher diffusibility. However, alternative explanations cannot be excluded.
Simple Mechanics and Pressure
Published in Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis, Primary FRCA in a Box, 2019
Sarah Armstrong, Barry Clifton, Lionel Davis
Oxygen Fractional distillation of liquefied air (industry)Oxygen concentrators. Aluminium silicate (‘The Zeolite’), which must be dust-free, is used as a molecular sieve to adsorb nitrogen from the air leaving approximately 93% oxygen
Alternative method to improve the ethyl valerate yield using an immobilised Burkholderia cepacia lipase
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2019
Wellington Correa Moreira, Alfredo Luís Pereira Elias, Wislei Riuper Osório, Giovana Silva Padilha
Other investigations have also reported that the ester yields are improved when the biocatalysts and solvents water-free are used (Koller et al. 2001, Ghamgui et al. 2006). As a second step, the ethyl valerate yield was performed without the molecular sieve in the reaction mixture. With this, the beads agglomerations are observed. Since the alginate is soluble in water, i.e. hydrophilic material, the by-product water increases the agglomerate formation and a decreasing in the esterification yield is provided. It is well known that into an enzymatic esterification the by-product water should be controlled in order to the esters hydrolysis be prevented. In this case, the use of the molecular sieve, as adopted in this work seems to imply an essential role in order to increase of the ester yields. Horchani et al. (2012) have studied the effect of the molecular sieve in the riccoleic acid yield using an immobilised lipase from Staphylococcus xylosus. The reaction using 0.2 to 1g of the molecular sieve was used. An increasing in the ester yield using molecular sieve was reached. The maximum yield (65 ± 4%) with 1g of the molecular sieve was attained.
Formulation of amorphous ternary solid dispersions of dapagliflozin using PEG 6000 and Poloxamer 188: solid-state characterization, ex vivo study, and molecular simulation assessment
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Nabil K. Alruwaili, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Syed Sarim Imam, Khalid Saad Alharbi, Sultan Alshehri, Tilal Elsaman, Fadhel Ahmed Alomar, Sultan Akhtar, Usama A. Fahmy, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Mohammed Salem Alshammari
The stability study of DFGSD2 was done as per the ICH guideline [30]. The sample was packed in Activ-vials® at intermediate storage condition (30 °C ± 2 °C/65% RH ± 5% RH) for six months in a humidity-controlled oven (TH90S/G, Thermolab, Mumbai, India). The Activ-vial® was used to prevent the absorption of moisture by the samples during the storage because it consists of a flip-top closed vial with integrated molecular sieve sleeve to prevent moisture absorption [31]. At predetermined time interval (0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 months), the samples were withdrawn, and drug content, as well as drug release, was evaluated at 235 nm using UV spectrophotometer.