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Monographs of essential oils that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Cedar leaf essential oil, made from the twigs with leaves of Thuja occidentalis L. by steam-distillation or hydrodistillation, has been used for perfumes, cleansers, disinfectants, hair preparations, room sprays, deodorants and soft soaps (2). It is also approved for use in food in the USA and the EU (5). It is still used in some mainstream over-the-counter preparations to relieve congestion in the upper respiratory tract, the best-known of which is Vicks VapoRub™. Thuja leaf oil is also added to pest repellant sprays and paints to protect against mites, moths, and rodents (4). The major constituent of the oil of T. occidentalis foliage, thujone, is used pharmacologically as active ingredient in the production of nasal decongestants and cough suppressants, perfumes, shoe polishes and soaps (1,2). Thuja oil is, however, considered too toxic (due to the high thujone content) for aromatherapy practices (6,7,8).
Adverse Effects and Intoxication with Essential Oils
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Vicks VapoRub is a commonly used inhalant ointment that helps relieve symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. It contains several plant substances, including turpentine oil, eucalyptus oil, and cedar leaf oil, which can potentially irritate or sensitize the skin, as well as camphor, menthol, nutmeg oil, and thymol. Many reports describe allergic contact dermatitis to the various constituents in Vicks VapoRub ointment (Noiles and Pratt, 2010).
Inhaled corticosteroid beliefs, complementary and alternative medicine in children presenting to the emergency department for asthma
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2021
Bahareh Ravandi, Maureen George, Lindsey Thompson, Sitaram Vangal Vangala, Todd Chang, Sande Okelo
Erroneous disease and treatment beliefs were explored using the Conventional and Alternative Management for Asthma (CAM-A) questionnaire (36) adapted to pediatrics. For example, adaptations included minor changes in language, such as “your child’s asthma” instead of “my asthma” to address the parent of a pediatric patient instead of an adult patient. The questionnaire includes 9 questions about CAM beliefs and 8 questions about ICS beliefs. Participants respond using a 7-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. CAM questions explored practices which participants may believe help asthma such as prayer, drinking water or tea, Vicks VapoRub or steam on chest, air movement, or practices which a participant believes worsens their child’s asthma such as going out with a wet head. ICS beliefs explored the need for daily use, determination of need by the study participant, side effects, tolerance, and physician motivation for prescribing. In addition, investigator-developed surveys were used to collect data on medication adherence, disease management by primary care provider and/or subspecialists, parental asthma care preferences and socio-demographics.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dextromethorphan: clinical and forensic aspects
Published in Drug Metabolism Reviews, 2020
Ana Rita Silva, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
Licit DXM is typically available as an oral drug in liquid, tablet, lozenges, and capsule formulations of cough and cold (and other pathologies) OTC medicines. These products can contain DXM alone or in combination with guaifenesin, brompheniramine, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, promethazine, codeine, acetaminophen, and/or chlorpheniramine. Benylin®, Delsym®, Sucrets®, Bromfed-DM®, Robitussin®, Vicks Formula 44-D®, Coricidin®, Bisoltussin®, Tylenol-DM®, Tussilene®, Romilar®, Dr. Rentschler tuss hustenstiller retard kapseln®, Comtrex®, Sucrets DM®, Vicks Nyquil®, Medicon® are the most common trade names in different countries. OTC cough products containing DXM alone have been discontinued as a response to the perceived abuse risk.
Exploring low-income African American and Latinx caregiver perspectives on asthma control in their children and reactions to messaging materials
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2022
Michelle Zheang, Erin Rodriguez, Cinthia Alvarado, Rebecca Correa, Lee Ann Kahlor, Elizabeth C. Matsui
Participants were aware of a variety of alternative remedies for asthma stemming from cultural or popular beliefs, including Vicks Vaporub, hot coffee, using a humidifier or shower steam, and aromatherapy. Caregivers expressed interest in learning about alternatives to medications for long-term asthma management, and wished their providers would discuss these methods with them: