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Nerve Agent–Induced Seizures and Status Epilepticus: Neuroprotective Strategies
Published in Brian J. Lukey, James A. Romano, Salem Harry, Chemical Warfare Agents, 2019
Frederic Doreu, Karine Thibault, Nina Dupuis
Another molecule of interest is valproic acid and more specifically, some derivatives of valnoctamide (Bar-Klein et al., 2014; Shekh-Ahmad et al., 2013, 2014, 2015; White et al., 2012). Their exact mechanism of action is unknown.
Moving beyond sodium valproate: choosing the right anti-epileptic drug in children
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2019
Ganna Balagura, Giulia Iapadre, Alberto Verrotti, Pasquale Striano
Valnoctamide (VCD) is a constitutional isomer of valpromide with a potent antiepileptic activity, proven especially in status epilepticus, in rat and mouse models [42]. In humans VCD is currently used in psychiatric disorders [42,43]. A very similar efficacy profile was shown by sec‐Butylpropylacetamide, a homologue of VCD [44]. Both compounds are very promising agents, with potentially neuroprotective properties [45] and potentially lower liver toxicity and teratogenicity compared to valproic acid [46]. However, there are no studies on this drug as antiepileptic in humans yet [47]. Valrocemide (valproyl glycinamide) underwent a phase II trial as add-on treatment in patients with refractory epilepsy [48], however, the teratogenicity of this drug in humans is yet to be completely excluded. Other types of analogue compounds are in the pipeline, although the mechanism of action of VPA remains to be clarified; therefore, it is hard to mimic and assess efficacy in similar molecules.
A resurging boom in new drugs for epilepsy and brain disorders
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2018
Iyan Younus, Doodipala Samba Reddy
Both valnoctamide and SPD were administered intramuscularly to obtain pharmacokinetic data. The half-life for SPD was reported to be 1.5–1.7 h in rats. SPD’s has a brain-to-plasma ratio that is 12 times higher than VPD and thus may be one of the factors that it has better anticonvulsant activity in the pilocarpine SE model [91,92].