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Antihypertensive effects of oriental drugs in human and SHR
Published in H. Saito, Y. Yamori, M. Minami, S.H. Parvez, New Advances in SHR Research –, 2020
Hideaki Higashino, Aritomo Suzuki, Koichiro Komai
The oral administration of the tablets containing 120-180 mg tetrandrine divided three times daily to 110 patients with mild in well developed hypertension resulted in thirteen excellent cases (11.8%), 26 good cases (23.6%) and twenty-four fair cases (21.8%), and average efficacy was 55% in the period of 7 months tested. When the drug (120 mg of dose) was injected intravenously twice a day to the more than 200 hypertensive patients instead of the oral administration, the effects appeared more rapidly and even mildly. Therefore, this one was thought to be a very suitable drug for the treatment of acute hypertensive states.
Preclinical Antidepressant-Like Effects of Terpenes, Polyphenolics, and Other Non-Flavonoid Phytochemicals
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Tetrandrine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid found in the Chinese medicinal plant, Stephania tetrandra.217 Administration of tetrandrine decreased immobility in the forced swim and tail suspension tests in mice. The substance also restored sucrose preference in mice that had been subjected to chronic unpredictable stress. Tetrandrine further restored hippocampal levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in stressed mice and in mice that been treated with reserpine, and maintained hippocampal levels of BDNF in stressed mice.218 Other structurally similar bisbenzylisoquinolines have shown antidepressant-like effects. Those include liensinine and neferine from Nelumbo nucifera219 and warifteine,220 a bisbenzylisoquinoline from Cissampelos sympodialis.
Chemopreventive Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Tetrandrine (Figure 12.26) is a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid found in the roots of Stephania tetrandra (Radix) and other Chinese and Japanese herbs which have been used in traditional medicine for many decades to treat various disorders including liver cancer, silicosis, inflammatory pulmonary diseases, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension. In in vitro experiments it has been shown to induce cell-cycle arrest and promote apoptosis in the low micromolar range in a number of human tumor cell types including leukemia, bladder, colon, hepatoma, lung, and ECV304 human umbilical vein endothelial cells. It has also been shown to inhibit the expression of VEGF in glioma cells, and to suppress angiogenesis in in vivo experiments. In addition, tetrandrine has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, immunologic, vasodilatory, calcium channel blocking, antiarrhythmic, and free-radical-scavenging properties, and to inhibit the degranulation of mast cells. Furthermore, it has been documented to increase glucose utilization by enhancing glycogen synthesis by hepatocytes, thus resulting in plasma glucose lowering. Structure of the alkaloid tetrandrine.
Chitosan-coated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for topical tetrandrine delivery in glaucoma: in vitro and in vivo assessment
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Salma El-Sayed Radwan, Riham M. El-Moslemany, Radwa A. Mehanna, Eman H. Thabet, Elsayeda-Zeinab A. Abdelfattah, Amal El-Kamel
Tetrandrine (TET) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the root of Chinese medicinal herb Radix Stephania tetrandra with different pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet aggregation, Ca2+ channel blocking, immunosuppressive and free radical scavenging actions, so it has been used as an analgesic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory agent in China (Xiaoyan et al., 2008). Recent studies have shown that TET inhibits the activation of microglia -which may lead to neuronal damage- through the NF-kB and ERK 1/2 signaling pathways, as well as the production of IL1b and TNFa (Li et al., 2020). Furthermore, TET can protect retinal ganglionic cells from ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo (Li et al., 2014). A study conducted by Huang et al. (2011) to study the effect of 0.3% TET on the IOP of hypertensive rats concluded that topically administered TET 0.3% was effective in lowering IOP and thus, is a promising candidate in the treatment of glaucoma. Nevertheless, owing to TET low aqueous solubility, its ocular bioavailability is limited. Therefore, it is crucial to design a novel ocular drug delivery system that not only improves TET aqueous solubility but also enhances its ocular bioavailability and efficacy. Li et al. (2014) formulated TET-loaded solid lipid NPs, the NPs showed a higher pharmacokinetics profile in aqueous humor. Also, Liu et al. (2016) developed cationic liquid crystalline NPs that increased the pre-ocular residence time and corneal permeation of TET.
Combination of tetrandrine and 3-n-butylphthalide protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via ATF2/TLR4 pathway
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2021
Cunfang Li, Aijun Chai, Yongchao Gao, Xuan Qi, Xuguang Zheng
Male SPF C57BL/6J mice (8-week old) were provided by Hebei Medical University. Mice were maintained at room temperature 23 °C, in humidity 65%, with light and dark alternation for 12 h and with free access to water and food. Then, mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15 for each group): sham group, I/R group, TTD group, NBP group, and TTD + NBP group. NBP was purchased from Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Tetrandrine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, PHL89321) was freshly prepared in normal saline. Before the MCAO operation, TTD (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and NBP (10 μmol/L, i.p.) were injected daily into mice in the TTD group, NBP group, and TTD + NBP group for 7d. Then, MCAO operation was performed in I/R group, TTD group, NBP group and TTD + NBP group. Before incised at the cervix’s midline, all mice were deeply anesthetized by 5% chloral hydrate. The external carotid artery was closed with a sterile suture, and an avascular clamp was used to clamp the internal carotid artery. Then, a silicone-coated suture (4-0) was used to insert for ligation. After 2 h, the mice underwent reperfusion. The existing paralysis of the left limbs, unstable standing, with the tail turning to one side dictated that the in vivo CI model was successfully established.
Enhanced antitumour efficiency of R8GD-modified epirubicin plus tetrandrine liposomes in treatment of gastric cancer via inhibiting tumour metastasis
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2021
Xue-Tao Li, Ming Jing, Fu-Yi Cai, Xue-Min Yao, Liang Kong, Xiao-Bo Wang
As an anthracycline drug, epirubicin possesses an antitumor effect against a wide spectrum of tumours. It is used alone or in combination with other drugs in patients with early gastric cancer and metastatic cancer. The antitumour effect of epirubicin is achieved by interaction with DNA in a variety of different ways, DNA strand breakage and inhibition with the enzyme topoisomerase II (Gomhor et al.2018, Bahreyni et al.2019, Schneeweiss et al.2019). For the poor targeting effect during treatment, the main adverse effects of epirubicin are myelosuppression and cardiotoxicity. Tetrandrine is a bibenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effects. It has been used clinically to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and arrhythmia. In recent years, it is reported that tetrandrine has a certain antitumour effect via inhibiting tumour metastasis and reversing multidrug resistance. It can cut off the energy supply and inhibit the invasion of tumour cells to reduce the incidence of tumour metastasis (Xiao et al.2015, Li et al.2016, Chen et al.2017).