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Formaldehyde
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Furfural is an important renewable, nonpetroleum-based, chemical feedstock. Hydrogenation of furfural provides furfuryl alcohol (FA), which is a useful chemical intermediate and which may be further hydrogenated to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). THFA is used as a nonhazardous solvent in agricultural formulations and as an adjuvant to help herbicides penetrate the leaf structure. Furfural is used to make other furan chemicals, such as furoic acid via oxidation1 and furan itself via palladium-catalyzed vapor-phase decarbonylation2. Furfural is also an important chemical solvent.
Supersaturable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system enhances dissolution and bioavailability of telmisartan
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Sun Young Park, Chang Hwa Jin, Yoon Tae Goo, Bo Ram Chae, Ho Yub Yoon, Chang Hyun Kim, Seh Hyon Song, Sang Beom Han, Young Wook Choi
TMS was supplied by Daewon Pharm. Co. Ltd. (Seoul, Korea). Sodium hydroxide was purchased from Duksan Pure Chemicals Co. Ltd. (Ansan, Korea). Capmul® MCM (glyceryl caprylate/caprate) was purchased from Abitec Co. (Janesville, WI, USA). Capryol™ 90 (propylene glycol monocaprylate), Labrafil® M 1944 CS (oleoyl polyoxyl-6 glycerides), and Transcutol® P (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether) were supplied by Gattefossé (Saint Priest, France). Cremophor® RH 40 (polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil), TPGS (d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate), Kolliphor® VA64 (PVP; vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer), Poloxamer® 407 (POL; Pluronic® F127), and SOL (polyvinyl caprolactam–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene glycol graft copolymer) were supplied by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). HPMC (Hypromellose E2910) was supplied by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Brij® L4 (polyethylene glycol dodecyl ether), castor oil, Tween® 80 (polysorbate 80), and tetraglycol (tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol polyethyleneglycol ether) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade methanol was obtained from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade.