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Temocillin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Tiffeny T. Smith, Sara E. Cosgrove
Temocillin is usually administered by the parenteral route. Two studies evaluating pulmonary delivery of temocillin and temocillin stability in bone cement for orthopedic infections demonstrate other potential routes of administration (Cuvelier et al. 2015; Barker et al. 2015). Currently, administration of temocillin via nonparenteral routes cannot be recommended due to lack of established efficacy and safety data.
Hypervirulence and carbapenem resistance: two distinct evolutionary directions that led high-risk Klebsiella pneumoniae clones to epidemic success
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2019
Yi-Chyi Lai, Min-Chi Lu, Po-Ren Hsueh
In 1996, the first KPC (KPC-1, which was later shown to be identical to KPC-2) was discovered in a K. pneumoniae isolate from the ICARE surveillance project in North Carolina. As variants with point mutations in KPC-1, since 2000, KPC-2 [88] and KPC-3 [89] were subsequently identified, prevailed rapidly in the USA, and caused an outbreak in an Israeli hospital during 2004–2006 [90]. In the last decade, KPC-producing K. pneumoniae has become wide-spread across America, Europe, and Asia [73], accumulating a total of 38 variants of KPC enzymes (KPC2-KPC39; based on the data collected in National Database of Antibiotic Resistant Organisms, NDARO, prior to 2019–02-08). In general, KPC-2 and KPC-3 are the most widespread variants. Varying geographically, both KPC-2- and KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae are epidemic in the USA, Colombia, Italy, and Israel whereas KPC-2 remains the predominant type of carbapenemases detected among nosocomial isolates of K. pneumoniae in China, Brazil, Argentina, Greece, Poland [73], and Taiwan [91]. Temocillin is an option for the treatment of lower urinary tract infections with some KPC-producing K. pneumoniae [92].
Finding of an unknown loss
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2019
Ruben Pauwels, Peter Gheeraert, Tine De Backer
A 65-year-old asymptomatic male presented for a routine cardiac screening examination. His medical history mentioned recurrent bacterial prostatitis, for which intravenous antibiotic therapy with temocillin was administered via a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) six months earlier in another centre. Clinical examination showed no abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed an echogenic structure in the right atrium extending to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve (Figure 1). Subsequently, a transesophageal echocardiography was performed for further differentiation. This confirmed the presence of a guide wire extending from the superior caval vein to the right atrium and looping through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and back (Figure 2). Retrieval of the wire was done successfully by the interventional cardiologist, with a basket helical catheter via transfemoral venous approach (Figures 3 and 4).
An update on adverse drug reactions related to β-lactam antibiotics
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2018
Konstantinos Z. Vardakas, Georgios D. Kalimeris, Nikolaos A. Triarides, Matthew E. Falagas
More or less, nervous system adverse events have been described for almost all β-lactams; aztreonam and temocillin seem to be an exception [47]. Neurotoxicity has been linked to the β-lactam ring, the degradation of which prevents the occurrence of seizures [48]. Decrease in neuroinhibitory tone of γ-aminobutyric acid, release of cytokines and endotoxins, increase in excitatory ability related to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazolepropionate receptors, accumulation of epileptogenic metabolites, and allergic cerebral edema have been implicated in the pathogenesis [47]. Renal impairment, older age, underlying central nervous system (CNS) diseases, concomitant use of nephrotoxic and anticonvulsant agents, CNS infection, and direct administration to the CNS have been associated with higher neurotoxicity [47]. Serum β-lactam levels seem to be related to neurotoxicity in both adults and neonates [20,49]. Higher frequency of seizures in patients receiving prophylaxis for supratentorial operations compared to those not receiving prophylaxis has been reported [50].