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Eicosanoids and the Uterine Cervix
Published in Murray D. Mitchell, Eicosanoids in Reproduction, 2020
The effect of PGE2 analog (sulprostone) on biochemical processes in the cervix in the first trimester has also been investigated in specimens 8 h after sulprostone administration.12 Cervical dilation and softening had occurred, but there was little change in collagenolytic activity or collagen concentration. A similar study of patients having sulprostone treatment in early pregnancy, compared with another group of patients having non-PG termination of pregnancy, also showed no difference in collagen degradation products present using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, a multifocal loosening of collagen fibers occurred, suggesting that the action of sulprostone may be on the ground substance rather than on the collagen molecules.22
Diverse Receptors and G Proteins Control the Generation of cAMP, Inositol Phosphates, and Tension in the Myometrium
Published in Robert E. Garfield, Thomas N. Tabb, Control of Uterine Contractility, 2019
Simone Harbon, Lien Do Khac, Zahra Tanfin, Olivier Goureau, Denis Leiber
In both day 0 and day 21 myometrium, PGs, in addition to their interaction with the adenylyl cyclase system, stimulated phospholipase C with an increased generaton of inositol phosphates, InsP3, InsP2 and InsP. In day 0 myometrium (Figure 6), the order of potency, PGF2α > PGD2 ≫ PGE2 ≫ iloprost suggested the involvement of FP receptors. This clearly indicated that PG receptors (IP type) involved in adenylyl cyclase stimulation are distinct from those involved in phospholipase C activation. The inability of the specific DP receptor agonist BW245C to affect phospholipase C activation also excluded the contribution of a DP receptor. Similarly, the very weak activity displayed by PGE2, i.e., 40% of the maximal PGF2α response with an EC50 of 20 μ M, could reflect the interaction of PGE2 with an FP receptor rather than an EP receptor. In favor of this interpretation was the inability of misoprostol and sulprostone to increase inositol phosphate generation.38 In day 21 myometrium, PGF2α was still the most potent activator of phospholipase C, reflecting the coupling of an FP receptor with the metabolism of phosphoinositides. However, the relatively high affinity of PGE2 (5 μ M) and its high efficacy (Figure 6) indirectly demonstrated the contribution of an EP receptor. This interpretation was confirmed by the high potency displayed by an EP selective agonist, viz., sulprostone. By use of the criteria defined by Coleman et al.40 to differentiate EP receptor subtypes, the effective response obtained with sulprostone (EP1 = EP3; EP2 = 0) as opposed to the moderate activity displayed by misoprostol (EP3 = EP2 ≫ EP1), suggested the major contribution of an EP1 receptor. Thus the pregnant rat myometrium constitutes a cellular model where two distinct PG receptors (FP and EP1) are coupled to the same signal transducing pathway, namely, phospholipase C. In both day 0 and day 21 myometrium, the putative G protein that couples FP and EP receptors to phospholipase C activation was insensitive to pertussis toxin38 and could be considered as a member of the Gq protein family.23
Advanced Interventional Procedures after Intrauterine Tamponade Balloon Insertion in a Tertiary Care Center
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Nassir Habib, Dominique Luton, Gabriele Centini, Isabelle Renuit, Christian Birbarah, Pierre-François Ceccaldi
In Group III (initial medical treatment), the transferred patients did not require immediate arterial embolization and did not have an ITB (Table 4). Most patients (76.31%) were monitored for genital bleeding and uterine tonicity with continuous uterotonic infusion (sulprostone). Although, blood loss was not significantly different compared with that of other two groups, there were more hemostasis disorders associated with recurrent bleeding and instances of decrease in uterine tonicity leading to a need for surgical management in 27 (23.68%) patients. Uterine compression suturing was the main technique used (14/27, 51.85%). Hysterectomy was performed in only 10 (37.04%) patients, usually after failure of uterine compression sutures. Finally, the prescription of a coagulopathy treatment was low, except in the case of AIP. One patient died in this group as a result of hemorrhagic shock.
EP3 signaling is decoupled from the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells compensating for obesity and insulin resistance
Published in Islets, 2023
Michael D. Schaid, Jeffrey M. Harrington, Grant M. Kelly, Sophia M. Sdao, Matthew J. Merrins, Michelle E. Kimple
The EP3γ splice variant is approximately 80% constitutively active, meaning it does not require PGE2 binding to signal downstream.29,30 Yet, as it remains partially agonist-sensitive, the EP3-selective agonist, sulprostone, can be utilized to explore its downstream effects. Consistent with previous reports using islets from lean and/or non-diabetic mice and humans,3,7,11,17 sulprostone had no effect on GSIS in WT or NGOB islets, but reduced GSIS in HGOB islets (Figure 4a). Interestingly, however, sulprostone reduced the Ca2+ duty cycle in all three groups, most strikingly in NGOB and HGOB (Figure 4b), and significantly reduced cAMP levels in NGOB and HGOB β-cells (Figure 4c).
Management of patients with rare blood groups in maternity
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Shannon Pytel, Pierre-François Ceccaldi, Salim Idri, Jordan Ohayon, Diana Badoiu
Overall, this management resulted in a maternal haemoglobin concentration of 12.1 ± 1.46 g/dL in the ninth month of pregnancy (Figure 2). The median term of delivery was 39 WG (37; 40.5), and 7/13 patients delivered by Caesarean section, either scheduled or during labour. Two patients had a general anaesthesia for their Caesarean section after a spinal anaesthesia failure. Finally, one patient had a postpartum haemorrhage on their uterine atony after Caesarean section and was successfully treated with sulprostone. Their maternal postpartum haemoglobin was 10.9 ± 1.51 g/dL.