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Impact of Industrial Wastewater on Medicinal Plant Growth
Published in Azamal Husen, Environmental Pollution and Medicinal Plants, 2022
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable that belongs to the family Solanaceae that is cultivated (outdoors or indoors) and consumed throughout the world. It contributes a good source of several vitamins, such as vitamins C, A, and B, and minerals, such as iron, potassium, and phosphorus, to the diet (Charchar et al. 2003). Tomato is eaten fresh or in processed form, such as juice, puree, powder, sauce, ketchup, soup, paste, canned product, etc. Currently, due to the presence of various bioactive compounds such as lycopene, it is being utilized for the development and formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals (Friedman 2013). The medicinal benefits of tomato, especially due to the presence of carotene, phenolics, and lycopene (an antioxidant), include prevention or treatment of eye-related diseases (cataract, macular degeneration), risk of cancer (prostate and colon), cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and bone metabolism (Burton-Freeman and Reimers 2011). The effect of various detergent effluent concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) conducted on medicinal plant tomato in Nigeria reveals a reduction in foliar anatomy, yield and growth at higher concentrations of detergent effluent exceeding 25%, whereas at lower effluent concentrations from 5% to 20% a progressive increase in plant growth parameters was observed, such as increased plant height, fruit, shoot and root weight (wet/dry basis), fruit number, biomass, stem girth, germination time, flowering, and ultimately overall growth and yield as compared to the control (Okanume et al. 2017).
Plant-based Nanomaterials and their Antimicrobial Activity
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Mayuri Napagoda, Priyalatha Madhushanthi, Dharani Wanigasekara, Sanjeeva Witharana
An ethnobotanical survey carried out in Guatemala for the purpose of collecting information about the commonly used species for treating vaginitis recorded over 100 plant species and the in vitro anticandidal activity studies were performed using 71 of the reported plant species. Out of the tested plant species, the most potent activity was observed in Solanum nigrescens. The clinical trials conducted on non-pregnant women with confirmed Candida albicans vaginitis who had been treated with intra-vaginal suppositories containing S. nigrescens maceration revealed that this herbal preparation was as efficacious as the reference drug nystatin (Giron et al. 1988).
Legumes
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
“Of all the foods, legumes most adequately meet the recommended dietary guidelines for healthy eating,” wrote New Zealand nutritionist Bernard Venn.9 “They are high in carbohydrates and dietary fiber, mostly low in fat, and supply adequate protein while being a good source of minerals and vitamins, although lacking in vitamin B12.” Chapter 13 amasses evidence that potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) rather than legumes are most nutritious, though his opinion is germane to our investigation here.
Neuroprotective properties of solanum leaves in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster model of Alzheimer's disease
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi, Tosin A. Olasehinde, Ganiyu Oboh
In the search for a holistic therapeutic intervention for the prevention and management of AD, that can address the various etiological hypotheses of the disease, functional foods that have neuroprotective properties have gained considerable focus. We have previously reported that both Solanum leaves exhibited neuroprotective properties in metal-induced models of memory loss and neurotoxicity in D. melanogaster (Ogunsuyi et al. 2021a, 2022) and in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats (Ogunsuyi et al. 2018). However, considering the fact that genetic models of diseases provide a more holistic approach at evaluating therapeutic options, therefore, in this study we evaluated for the first time the protective effects of diets supplemented with AE or BN in transgenic D. melanogaster expressing hAPP and hBACE-1.
Fungal and mycotoxin occurrence, affecting factors, and prevention in herbal medicines: a review
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Jingsheng Yu, Meihua Yang, Jianping Han, Xiaohui Pang
The processing procedure in herbal materials is commonly used to improve the efficacy of herbal materials. Meanwhile, processing method also affects AF production. Odongo et al. (2018) indicated that processing methods, including cooking and fermentation, inhibited the growth of fungi in the medicinal plant Solanum scabrum. Raila et al. (2009) indicated that as the drying airflow intensity of was increased, the mycobiotic contamination was suppressed. However, the processing condition does not always decrease the level of mycotoxins. As a result of its healthcare function, yam has gained popularity in China and other countries. Omohimi et al. (2019) compared the differences of the AF contents between the processing and the post-processing stages of yam. The result showed that the AF level in fresh samples was lower than that in processed samples. Furthermore, the highest AF level was observed in processed yam flour. A similar study by Akpo-Djènontin et al. (2018) has reported the high AF contamination in herb powders. Except for processing methods, packaging materials influence the AF production. A report by Darko et al. (2018) indicated that the zero-oxygen hermetic packaging suppressed AF production. Fu et al. (2018) compared the effect of four packaging materials (polyester, aluminum, polyamide, and polyethylene) on AF contamination, and the result showed all these materials had an inhibitory effect on AF accumulation. Based on previous studies, AF production was affected by processing methods and packaging materials.
An Overview of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Emphasis on Dietary Products and Herbal Remedies
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Deepa S. Mandlik, Satish K. Mandlik
Momordica charantia lectin (MCL) is a type II ribosome-inactivating protein obtained from bitter gourd, a vegetable used commonly. In Vitro and In Vivo, MCL treatment significantly reduced HCC cell growth by inducing G2/M phase arrest, autophagy and apoptosis (70). Furthermore, in cultured Hep G2 cells, MAP30 (type I ribosome-inactivating protein) isolated from bitter gourd, showed both cytostatic and cytotoxic impact. The activities were due to the induction of S phase cell cycle arrest and activation of extrinsic and intrinsic caspase apoptosis.MAP30’s anti-tumor activity has also been revealed In Vivo. RNase MC2 is a ribonuclease found in M. charantia that has been shown to increase apoptosis in both in-vivo and In Vitro studies (71). The antioxidant functions of total phenolic content, chlorogenic acid and anthocyanin content and in-vitro anticancer ability of potato. The highest antioxidant activity was found in Solanum pinnatisectum, which also had the best antiproliferative effects against liver cancer cells (72). The glycoalkaloids contained in potatoes were thought to have anti-tumor properties. In the range of 0.1–10 g/mL, treatment with potato glycoalkaloids (α-chaconine), subdued HepG2 cell progress with lower cytotoxicity to normal liver cells (73).