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Proteins for Conditioning Hair and Skin
Published in Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski, Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin, 2020
Perhaps the earliest purported application of unisolated protein in personal care was the story of Cleopatra bathing in milk (3), with the milk proteins (in part due to their phosphated serine residues) functioning as effective emulsion stabilizers, buffers, and conditioning agents. More recently, prior to the widespread use of high-purity soaps and synthetic surfactants, eggs were utilized as shampoos. Their use in hard water yielded improved hair luster while avoiding the dullness which accompanied soap scum.
Investigative Duties on Scene
Published in Kevin L. Erskine, Erica J. Armstrong, Water-Related Death Investigation, 2021
Like the swimming pool drowning, every effort should be made to gather any possible evidence at the scene of a bathtub or hot tub drowning incident. Since dunking is still a widely practiced form of punishment, it would be very easy for a dunking incident to inadvertently become a homicide. As with pool incidents, a timeline must be established to determine if there was any delay in a call for rescue personnel. Evidence to be obtained will include: Determine if floor or sides of tub are wet.Any cleanup attempts, such as numerous wet towels, a fresh load of towels in the dryer, a mop bucket present.Water samples from the tub. If the tub has already been drained, use a bulb syringe to extract a sample from the drain trap.Water temperature. High temperature may indicate punishment by dunking in scalding water. Low temperature may indicate a delay in call for help.Document presence or absence of toys or bath accessories. (Figure 2.40). Also make a note of nearby or submerged electrical devices that may have resulted in an electrical shock. These should be examined by an electrician for defects, such as wiring, grounding, ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) operation, etc.Sketch of location in reference to the rest of the house.Presence of soap scum line on side of tub. A measurement from the tub bottom will assist in determining the depth of water (Figure 2.41).Residency for the past five years. This may reveal any prior incidents in the child’s history.Age of the hot tub, when purchased, where purchased (reputable store or representative, garage sale, etc.), and temperature of hot tub water.
Consequences of chemical impact of disinfectants: safe preventive measures against COVID-19
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2020
Nagendra Kumar Rai, Anushruti Ashok, Butchi Raju Akondi
For example, the structure of benzalkonium series (quats) disinfectant is based on a permanently positively charged ion. If a surface is not thoroughly rinsed and made free of anionic detergent residue prior to quat application, then quat becomes electrically neutralized and its anti-microbial action can be totally inactivated. The complex detergent–quat residue provides nutrients for the growth of bacteria and microbes (Gallia County Health Department 2011). If allowed to grow, these microbes may colonize, forming communities called bio films (CMM 2013). These bio films tend to thrive on environments where moisture and soil are in constant contact on a surface, notably food service areas, locker rooms, restrooms, and similar places. Soap scum in a shower is an example of such type of residue buildup. If a surface, whether it be a floor or a countertop, feels slippery or slick because of moldy biofilms, lead to increased slip-and-fall risks, the cause of 15% accidental deaths, according to the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) (CMM 2013). These residues pose not only a health and safety risk to building occupants but can also become one of the major risk factors behind early degradation of the buildings (CMM 2013). Therefore, removal of any chemical residue by thorough rinsing after the cleaning step is an absolute necessity.