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Rosmarinic Acid: A Boon in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Md. Adil Shaharyar, Mahfoozur Rahman, Kumar Anand, Chowdhury Mobaswar Hossain, Imran Kazmi, Sanmoy Karmakar
Two eminent Italian scientists namely M. L. Scarpatti and G. Oriente are credited with the isolation of rosmarinic acid from the plant Rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis). The Iupacname of the rosmarinic acid is (2R)-3- (3,4-dihy-droxyphenyl)-2-[ (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoic acid (pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) (Figure 10.2).
Monographs of essential oils that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a woody evergreen perennial herb, up to 1.5 meter tall, which has strongly aromatic, needle-like evergreen leaves. Rosemary is native to the Madeira Islands, the Canary Islands, northern Africa, the Mediterranean European countries, Cyprus, Turkey, and the Caucasus (GRIN Taxonomy for Plants). The plant is widely cultivated for medicinal, culinary, cosmetic and ornamental purposes. Rosemary is one of the most prized culinary herbs, especially in Mediterranean cuisine (6). R. officinalis has also been extensively used in traditional folk medicine.
The Role of Herbal Medicines in Female Genital Infections
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ramasamy Harikrishnan, The Role of Phytoconstitutents in Health Care, 2020
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is known for its wide use as an herb, medicine, and cosmetics. The major bioactive components of rosemary are essential oil and polyphenols, which exhibit high antimicrobial activity against harmful microorganisms [95]. It also possesses several therapeutic effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [19]. Method of Use: A teaspoon of rosemary and a teaspoon of fennel seeds are infused for 15 minutes in hot water, and two cups are drunk daily after eating for 30 days. Rosemary is also prepared as a tea and drunk after lunch and dinner for 30 days. One can make rosemary tea with fresh or dried rosemary [83].
Effects of Calendula officinalis and Capsicum annum glycolic extracts on planktonic cells and biofilms of multidrug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Published in Biofouling, 2023
Ana Luiza do Rosário Palma, Pamela Beatriz do Rosário Estevam dos Santos, Thais Cristine Pereira, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Alexandra Cristina Helena Frankland Sawaya, Luciane Dias de Oliveira
The butanol extract of Capsicum annuum (C. annuum) fruit revealed high antimicrobial activity pointed out in the study carried out by Careaga et al. (2003). The authors obtained, through the ethanolic extract (100 mg mL−1) of C. annuum, a relatively high antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus sp. (20 mm), Bacillus (10 mm), E. coli (17 mm), Pseudomonas sp. (16 mm) and Citrobacter sp. (15 mm) (Careaga et al. 2003). Therapeutic effects were also be observed in the plant extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary). This plant has phytocompounds, which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antitumor and protective, inhibitory and attenuating activities. Rosemary demonstrated to be effective in reducing biofilm formation, one of the most important virulence mechanisms when it comes to multidrug-resistant bacteria (Oliveira et al. 2019).
Advances in research on the protective mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jiexin Zhang, Yonghe Hu, Han Wang, Jun Hou, Wenjing Xiao, Xudong Wen, Tingting Wang, Pan Long, Hezhong Jiang, Zhanhao Wang, Huawei Liu, Xin Chen
Several Chinese plants have potential protective effects against MI/R injury (Table 6), including Camellia oleifera Abel (Theaceae) (Lai et al. 2004) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Labiatae) (Zhang et al. 2017). Sasanquasaponin (SQS) is an effective extract of Camellia oleifera whose main structure is similar to that of some ginseng saponins (Liu CX and Xiao 1992; Attele et al. 1999). In vitro studies (Lai et al. 2004) have shown that SQS can inhibit arrhythmia during MI/R and may play a protective role in the myocardium by regulating intracellular Cl- homeostasis. Rosmarinus officinalis is a traditional herb with abundant application value. Rosemary extract (MDX60) is derived from Rosmarinus officinalis; the main component is carnosic acid (60%). A study on MI/R model rats (Zhang et al. 2017) has shown that MDX60 can reduce the MI size. These potential medicinal plants have not yet been used in clinical practice, and more in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to support their use. Further exploration of their specific mechanisms may lead to new measures for the treatment and prevention of MI/R injury.
Neuroprotective role of medicinal plant extracts evaluated in a scopolamine-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Asmaa K. Abdelghany, El-Shymaa El-Nahass, Marwa A. Ibrahim, Akram. M. El-Kashlan, H.H. Emeash, Fatma Khalil
The 90 rats were randomly allocated into six groups of 15 animals: (i) control, receiving intraperitoneal (IP) saline injections; (ii) SCO -treated group, receiving IP injection of scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate in saline solution, at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg (Bihaqi et al.2012; Lee et al., 2014; Hafez et al., 2017); (iii) NS-treated group, receiving SCO-treatment plus per os (PO) administration of ethanolic extract of nigella sativa at a dose of 400 mg/kg (Hosseini et al., 2015); (iv) RO-treated group, receiving SCO-treatment plus ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (200 mg/kg, PO) (Ozarowski et al., 2013); (v) SO-treated group, receiving SCO-treatment plus ethanolic extract of salvia officinalis (600 mg/kg, PO) (Hasanein et al., 2016); and (vi) GS-treated group, receiving SCO-treatment plus ethanolic extract of ginseng (200 mg/kg, PO) (Lee et al., 2010). All groups received treatments daily for 2 months. In groups (iii-vi), extracts were orally gavaged 90 minutes after SCO injection.