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Efficacy, Safety, and Toxicological Aspects of Nutraceuticals
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Jayvadan K. Patel, Anita Patel
Antagonism of selective estrogen receptor modifiers such as tamoxifen has been demonstrated for the isoflavones characteristic of soy (Ranzato et al. 2014). Anthranoid-comprising plants like senna (Cassia senna) plus cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) in addition to soluble fibers like guar gum as well as psyllium are capable of reducing the absorption of certain drugs (Fugh-Berman 2000). Latest investigations have also established that a few antioxidants derived from plant extracts possibly will augment the endurance to chemotherapy if employed in patients having a higher cancer stage (Zhang 2010; Ranzato et al. 2014).
Green Metal-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Medicinal Plants and Plant Phytochemicals against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed, Lin Xiao, Tracey Jill Morton McKay, Guang Yang
Regarding iron NPs with potential biomedical properties, Iqbal et al. (2020) green-synthesized IO-NPs using leaf extract of Rhamnella gilgitica as both stabilizing and reducing agents. GIO-NPs were confirmed through the presence of peak at 341 nm. TEM analysis revealed the average size of the GIO-NPs to be ~21 nm and spherical shaped. GIO-NPs inhibited various pathogenic bacteria, including S. aureus. This strong antibacterial effect might be attributable to the active biomolecules attached to the GIO-NPs surface. ROS production is the most important mechanism in terms of the antimicrobial potential of GIO-NPs (Fig. 10.6). Damaging the cell membranes due to GIO-NPs adsorption on the cell surface is also possible. Jegadeesan et al. (2019) also reported the green synthesis of GIO-NPs using three aqueous plant extracts of Moringa oleifera fruit (MOF), Terminalia bellirica (TB) and Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL). TEM and SEM analyses showed single spherical NPs for T-GIO-NPs (21.32 nm), and irregular shaped MOF-GIO-NPs and MOL-GIO-NPs (particle size of 45 nm). The antimicrobial effect of GIO-NPs was higher than the extract alone, with T-GIO-NPs (inhibition zone; 15 ± 2 mm) and MOL-GIO-NPs (inhibition zone; 15 ± 1 mm) found to be potent against S. aureus. Abbasi et al. (2020) reported the green synthesis of GIO-NPs using leaves extract of Rhamnus triquetra. Results showed significant inhibition effects of GIO-NPs against various pathogenic bacteria at concentrations ranging from 37.5 to 1,200/ml, where GIO-NPs were the most effective against S. aureus (MIC: 37.5 μg/ml). In addition, results determined that antibacterial activity increased with the increase in GIO-NPs concentrations.
Prevention and Detoxification of Mycotoxins in Human Food and Animal Feed using Bio-resources from South Mediterranean Countries: a Critical Review
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2023
Amina Aloui, Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès, Abdellah Zinedine, Amar Riba, Noel Durand, Jean Christophe Meile, Didier Montet, Catherine Brabet, Samir Abbès
Likewise, Rhamnus alaternus has been commonly used as folk medicine in Tunisia and many other north African countries and it was highly effective in the protection against the toxic effects of AFB1 (Ammar et al. 2008). Furthermore, the antifungal capacity of the essential oils of Rhanterium adpressum and their inhibitory effect on the production of mycotoxins is very interesting (Elhouiti et al. 2017). The findings opened up the possibility of possible future biotechnological applications of plant extracts to reduce the bioavailability of mycotoxins in food and feedstuff.
Evaluation of Anticancer Potential of Flavones from Rhamnus alaternus against B16F10 Melanoma Cells
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Ines Bouhlel Chatti, Yosr Krichen, Mouna Maatouk, Aida Lahmar, Sonia Ghoul Mazgar, Rim Kammoun, Sihem Safta Skhiri, Leila Chekir Ghedira, Mounira Krifa
The plant used in this study, Rhamnus alaternus (Rhamnaceae), ‘Oud el khir’, widely spread in the Mediterranean forest is one of the most used medicinal plants, particularly in the north African traditional medicine (9, 10). Phytochemically, the genus Rhamnus is characterized by the abundance of polyphenolic substances, especially flavonoids, anthraquinones and tannins (11, 12), which are described by numerous authors as antioxidant and anticancer molecules (13).