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Induction of Anesthesia
Published in Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed, Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
Kristen Messenger, Rachel Reed
Premedications: Ensure that any pre-operative medications such as antibiotics or NSAIDs have been administered. Premedications used for sedation and as part of the induction protocol will be discussed below. Pre-anesthesia checklists are utilized by many practices to ensure all necessary tasks have been completed prior to anesthesia. A checklist should include: Identification of the animal (e.g. case number).Client consent obtained.Physical evaluation.Bloodwork.Type of procedure and surgical site.Recumbency.Administration of pre-operative drugs (e.g. NSAIDs and antibiotics).Patient preparation (e.g. mouth rinsed and feet cleaned).IV catheter placement.
Appendectomy
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
Children with appendicitis should be evaluated for degree of sepsis and dehydration. Most will have vomited or not eaten for more than 24 hours. For this reason alone, preoperative IV fluid resuscitation is mandatory for all patients, with close attention to those with signs of sepsis. Infectious complications are best prevented and treated in all patients by using perioperative antibiotics. Intravenous antibiotic treatment specifically directed against Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria (e.g. second-generation cephalosporins and metronidazole) is started after the decision of appendectomy has been made. Nasogastric and bladder decompression prior to operation facilitate a laparoscopic procedure. Apart from pain control, premedication is generally unnecessary.
Clinical Trial Design and Concepts Specific for Biologic Agents in the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases
Published in Thomas F. Kresina, Monoclonal Antibodies, Cytokines, and Arthritis, 2020
Mild to moderate constitutional symptoms, typical following the administration of biologic proteins, were observed during the treatment days. Fever with and without rigor, associated with nausea, fatigue, and malaise were seen. Symptoms decreased when premedication with acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, and metaclopromide was administered. In some patients, myalgias and muscle weakness were noted after later infusions, although muscle tenderness and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevations were rarely seen. These symptoms defined the MTD of 0.33 mg/kg/day for the five-day treatment regimen. Increased extravascular volume, manifested by pedal and/or periorbital edema, occurred after treatment, not associated with abnormalities of renal or hepatic function. All treatment-related symptoms resolved without sequelae.
Oral Immunotherapy in Patients with IgE Mediated Reactions to Egg White: A Clinical Trial Study
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2022
Vahid Ghobadi Dana, Morteza fallahpour, Raheleh Shokouhi Shoormasti, Mohammad Nabavi, Mohammad Hassan Bemanian, Mohsen Fateh, Zeinab Zaker, Mehdi Torabizadeh, Seyed Ali Aghapour, Saba Arshi
In this trial, the induction and build-up phases were carried out under the supervision of an allergist in the hospital for 3 to 5 days while the maintenance phase was performed at home accompanying by the consulting and supervision of an allergy specialist. One of the advantages of this protocol was the short time of build-up in the therapeutic approach. Regarding the patients’ response to the initial OFC, premedication with H1, H2, and LTRA was performed for all patients during the initial escalation and build-up phases and the beginning of the maintenance phase according to the protocol and depending on the severity of the symptoms. As mentioned in the literature, premedication can decrease the adverse reactions during OIT (Jagdis et al. 2014; Wohrl et al. 2007). Although there is much evidence for the benefits of premedication in reducing adverse reactions, there are doubts about the long-term effect of these drugs in inducing tolerance (Morris and Marshall 2012) but our patients used these drugs only for the first days, so it seems these drugs had not important role in the desensitization process in our study.
A Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Recombinant Topical Thrombin (RECOTHROM®) With A Gelatin Sponge Carrier Versus Topical Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose (TABOTAMP®/SURGICEL®) In A Porcine Liver Bleeding Model
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Paul Slezak, Claudia Keibl, Dirk Labahn, Anna Schmidbauer, Yuri Genyk, Heinz Gulle
Two treatment arms were investigated. The rT (active treatment) used was RECOTHROM®; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA, with a gelatin sponge carrier (SPONGOSTAN™; Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany). The ORC (passive treatment) used was TABOTAMP® Original/SURGICEL® Original; Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany. Treatments were tested in 8 male pigs weighing approximately 35 kg, with a target of 15 applications per animal. Premedication and anesthesia were performed as previously described.21 Briefly, animals were premedicated with a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam intramuscularly, followed by inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane. Upon completion of the experiment, animals were humanely euthanized under deep anesthesia with a lethal intravenous dose of thiopental sodium and embutramide/mebezonium iodine/tetracaine hydrochloride.
Healthcare resource utilization in a phase 3 study of CPX-351 in patients with newly diagnosed high-risk/secondary acute myeloid leukemia
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2020
Kathleen F. Villa, Robert J. Ryan, Michael Chiarella, Arthur C. Louie
Induction treatment response (CR and CRi) was assessed according to the Revised International Working Group Criteria for AML18. Patients with CR or CRi (and who had adequate cardiac function and ECOG PS 0–2) could receive up to two cycles of consolidation: CPX-351 65 units/m2 (equivalent to cytarabine 65 mg/m2 + daunorubicin 29 mg/m2), given as a 90-min infusion on Days 1 and 3, or 5 + 2 regimen of cytarabine 100 mg/m2/day continuous infusion for five days plus daunorubicin 60 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 2. Patients received premedication according to participating centers’ guidelines. Patients could also receive a hematopoietic cell transplantation at the investigator’s discretion according to institutional guidelines. The follow-up period continued until a patient’s death or five years after randomization.