China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Interdependence Between Cardiac Function, Oxygen Demand, and Supply
Published in Samuel Sideman, Rafael Beyar, Analysis and Simulation of the Cardiac System — Ischemia, 2020
Joseph S. Janicki, Karl T. Weber, Ponnambalam Sundram
To the best of my knowledge this has not been systematically studied. We did, however, have the opportunity to measure (MV̇O2) during the administration of dobutamine, a beta adrenergic receptor agonist, to patients with chronic cardiac failure.8 With dobutamine, we found cardiac output to increase by a similar amount to that seen with amrinone (PDE inhibitor) and (MV̇O2) remained invariant. Others6 have reported similar findings with pirbuterol, another beta adrenergic receptor agonist. Thus, it would appear that, in patients with chronic heart failure, an improvement in cardiac efficiency can be obtained with cardiotonic agents having different mechanisms of action.
Management of Adult Asthma
Published in Jonathan A. Bernstein, Mark L. Levy, Clinical Asthma, 2014
Pallavi Bellamkonda, Thomas B. Casale
Beta2-agonists stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors and increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), causing a relaxation of the airway smooth muscles and thus reversing bronchoconstriction. Albuterol, salbutamol, levalbuterol, and pirbuterol are all drugs of choice for the immediate relief of symptoms. SABAs should only be used as rescue medications and not continuously for disease control. Higher frequency usage is a warning sign for loss of disease control and an increased risk for an exacerbation.
Pharmacological and Toxicological Aspects Associated with H1 Receptor Antagonists
Published in Sam Kacew, Drug Toxicity and Metabolism in Pediatrics, 1990
The finding that antihistaminic drugs did not exacerbate asthmatic symptoms suggested that these drugs could play a role as adjuncts in the treatment of allergic rhinitis or urticaria in children with asthma.19 This is supported by the observation that hydroxyzine in combination with theophylline proved superior to the methylated xanthine in alleviation of the symptoms of exercise-induced asthma.44 In the treatment of bronchial asthma, Brandon37 found that addition of hydroxyzine to pirbuterol was beneficial not in the enhancement of bronchodilation, but in the reduction of adverse effects due to pirbuterol. This latter phenomenon enabled the asthmatic patient to continue the course of therapy. These findings are in contrast to the report that antihistamines produce bronchoconstriction and, consequently, could prove detrimental to an asthmatic individual.53 It is evident that in the presence of allergic disorders a child suffering from asthma can be administered an antihistamine without fear of exacerbating the asthmatic attack.19,32 In exercise-induced asthma, antihistaminic agents in combination with a bronchodilator appear to be more beneficial to the patient than either drug alone.37,44
New perspectives in bronchial asthma: pathological, immunological alterations, biological targets, and pharmacotherapy
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2020
Deepa S. Mandlik, Satish K. Mandlik
Most powerful bronchodilators used in the management of moderate to severe asthma condition are beta-adrenergic drugs. Short-acting, selective beta-2 adrenergic agonists and long-acting, selective beta-2 adrenergic agonists (used in combination with inhaled glucocorticoids) are the two major categories of beta-agonists taken by the inhalation route. The examples of SABA’s aresalbutamol, levalbuterol, and pirbuterol are beneficial inhaled bronchodilator agents for the short term relief of symptoms [127].
State-of-the-art beta-adrenoreceptor agonists for the treatment of asthma
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2022
W. Tatiana Garzon-Siatoya, Ismael Carrillo-Martin, Sergio E Chiarella, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada
Pirbuterol is structurally dissimilar from albuterol in the substitution of a pyridine ring for the benzene ring. Like albuterol, pirbuterol exhibits both cardiovascular and bronchodilatory effects. Long-term therapy with pirbuterol shows a mean improvement in FEV1versus baseline or placebo, generally up to 25% [39].