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Migraine
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Butterbur(Petasites hybridus) root extract contains petasin and isopetasin, which have vasodilation properties and reduce inflammation. A dosage of 50–75 mg/day in two divided doses in children 6–9 years and 50–75 mg twice daily for four months in adults for four months has been shown to reduce migraines.30,31
Increasing the Sensitivity of Adipocytes and Skeletal Muscle Cells to Insulin
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Petasin from Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. at a concentration of 10 μM lowered oxygen consumption by mitochondria hence increased AMP/ATP ratio, activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase in H4IIE cells, C2C12 cells and 3T3L1 cells.250 This sesquiterpene given at a single oral dose of 200 mg/kg evoked after 2 hours an increased expression of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the liver, epididymal white adipose tissue and quadriceps skeletal muscles in C57BL/6J mice.250 In oral glucose tolerance test, petasin at a single oral dose of 200 mg/kg lowered 15 minutes peak glycemia from about 200 to 150 mg/dL and lowered glucose area under the curve by about 50%.250
Botanicals and Dietary Supplements
Published in Hilary McClafferty, Integrative Pediatrics, 2017
In addition to the harmful pyrrolizidine alkaloids, beneficial pharmacologically active compounds of butterbur include petasin and isopetasin, two sesquiterpenes with antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory actions (Aydin et al. 2013). Butterbur’s primary mechanism of action is thought to work through calcium channel regulation and inhibition of leukotriene synthesis (D’Andrea, Cevoli, and Cologno 2014).
Neuronal and non-neuronal TRPA1 as therapeutic targets for pain and headache relief
Published in Temperature, 2023
Luigi F. Iannone, Romina Nassini, Riccardo Patacchini, Pierangelo Geppetti, Francesco De Logu
Regarding herbal products, Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) and Petasites hybridus Gaertn (butterbur) have been used for centuries to treat migraine and other pain conditions. Some preparations containing parthenolide (a feverfew constituent) and butterbur (in particular, its components, petasin and isopetasin) are or have been used for migraine prophylaxis [116]. In rodents, parthenolide and isopetasin behave as TRPA1 partial agonists [61,117] with an initial activation followed by prolonged concentration- and dose-dependent specific TRPA1 desensitization and nonspecific desensitization of peptidergic nociceptors, which express the channel [61]. In this manner, nociceptor nerve fibers became unresponsive to any stimulus, and unable to release CGRP from their terminals, including those present in the trigeminovascular system. Finally, a compound contained in plants largely used in traditional medicine, ligustilide, has been identified as a TRPA1 partial agonist, with a certain degree of inhibitory activity on mustard oil activated currents in the dural [118].