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Trauma Scoring Systems and Their Application
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are a method of collecting patients’ views on their functional outcome and health-related quality of life. Collected at different time points, PROMs are traditionally used to measure long-term recovery after elective procedures.16 Commissioned by NHS England, TARN has developed a PROM specifically for trauma and is currently collecting 6-month outcomes of patients treated at major trauma centres (both adults and children including those with brain injuries). Although findings are yet to be published, patient response rates are encouraging and hospitals now receive routine reports that highlight patients who report severe to extreme problems in their quality of life at 6 months. Refinement of the PROMs process continues, however measuring long-term outcomes after trauma is certainly achievable.
Patients’ perspectives
Published in Steven J. Kronowitz, John R. Benson, Maurizio B. Nava, Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Management of the Breast, 2020
Steven J. Kronowitz, John R. Benson, Maurizio B. Nava
Women diagnosed with breast cancer and requiring mastectomy face several difficult decisions, such as whether or not to proceed with reconstruction and, if so, the timing and type of reconstructive surgery. Patient-reported outcome data can help inform patients about expected outcomes by providing insight from other patients that have already experienced these various options.
Selection of Endpoints
Published in Susan Halabi, Stefan Michiels, Textbook of Clinical Trials in Oncology, 2019
Katherine S. Panageas, Andrea Knezevic
The HRQOL is a type of patient-reported outcome. Patient-reported outcomes are outcomes questionnaires or scales that may include any information reported directly by a patient [23]. Patient-reported outcomes may include information beyond the scope of HRQOL, such as treatment adherence or health behaviors. Patient-reported outcomes such as HRQOL are assessed using measurement instruments that typically include self-reported questionnaires. Measurement instruments must be rigorously developed in a process that includes multiple studies including testing and validation to ensure that the instrument is reliable and reproducible [24]. Several measurement instruments that are used commonly in oncology research are reviewed in this chapter. HRQOL is measured directly from the patient using HRQOL measurement instruments. The instrument includes the questionnaire and instructions for administration, scoring, and interpretation [24].
Are Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System scales responsive in patients attending physical therapy with foot and ankle diagnoses?
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Christopher Neville, Judith Baumhauer, Jeff Houck
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been used to provide insight into the patient experience while uncovering an opportunity to improve patient care. Disease-specific scales like the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) are designed to measure pain and functional deficits for a particular joint or type of problem (Martin et al., 2005). Alternatively, person-centered health PRO scales such as the Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System (PROMIS) are not limited to a particular joint or type of disease (Cella et al., 2010). This could be particularly helpful when assessing patient responses from comprehensive care such as physical therapy. However, one concern with a person-centered PRO, such as the PROMIS scales, is that they may not be sufficiently responsive to detect change (Hays, Spritzer, Fries, and Krishnan, 2015; Hung et al., 2018a, 2017). It is possible that other, non-joint specific related problems, which also cause pain and functional loss, might mask benefits that patients experience after care focused on a particular diagnosis. Further, clinical care may address only diagnosis specific concerns, which may not be sufficient to result in improvement in a person’s overall status as reflected in person-centered PRO measures. Documenting the ability of person-centered PROs to detect change following physical therapy can inform clinicians on expected prognosis.
Psychometric properties for the Norwegian translations of two revised APHAB-subscales and an adapted IOI-HA (IOI-CI) in patients with cochlear implants
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
Peder O. Laugen Heggdal, Mathias H. Næss, Jeanette Hess-Erga, Kristina S. Larsen, Hans Jørgen Aarstad
Cochlear implantation has become an established and reliable intervention for patients with severe to profound hearing impairment that conventional hearing aids do not compensate for (Ketterer et al. 2018). It is important to investigate patients’ self-assessment of CI comfort and performance (Forli et al. 2017). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) are intended for patients to report their functional status, satisfaction, quality of life (QoL) and well-being. Among other things, listening effort, sound localisation and speech perception in quiet and in noise are relevant elements of such assessments. Data from questionnaires can be of use when fine-tuning a patient’s listening device and when assessing the need for further or alternative rehabilitative measures (Hughes et al. 2017).
Efficacy and safety of insulin detemir versus glargine in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2022
Soheila Rezaei, Ali Taheri, Saeed Taheri, Sara Kasirzadeh, Behzad Fatemi, Mende M Sorato
The impact of treatment on patient-reported outcomes is an increasing area of focus in clinical research. In the study by Swinnen et al. [23], 24 weeks of treatment with either insulin glargine or insulin detemir resulted in improved quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. They reported no differences between treatment groups in changes in the diabetes symptom checklist-revised (DSC-R), world health organization-five well-being index (WHO-5), and hypoglycemia fear survey (HFS) scores. However, the level of treatment satisfaction, based on the diabetes treatment satisfaction questionnaire status (DTSQs) and change (DTSQc) versions, was significantly higher in the insulin glargine group than in the insulin detemir group. In an observational study by Veneman et al. [42], type 2 diabetic patients with poor metabolic control with insulin detemir were switched to insulin glargine. This change of insulin type resulted in significant improvements in DSC-R and WHO-5 after six months of treatment, even while it caused a small increase in body weight.