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Ethnomedicinal Plants of North Eastern Himalayan Region of India to Combat Hypertension
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Pintubala Kshetri, K. Tamreihao, Subhra Saikat Roy, Thangjam Surchandra Singh, Susheel Kumar Sharma, Meraj Alam Ansari
Oral application of the crude extract of Passiflora edulis rind (10 or 50 mg/ kg) significantly reduce BP in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Luteolin, a phenolic compound extracted from Passiflora edulis leaves also lowered BP for 1 to 7 h when orally administered in SHRs at a concentration of 50 mg/kg (Ichimura et al., 2006). Zibadi et al. (2007) also observed that diet supplemented with purple passion fruit extract (PFP extract) at a concentration of 50 mg/kg significantly lower systolic BP by 12.3 mm Hg in female SHRs. They further extended their study to hypertensive human subjects by administering with PFP extract or pill at a dose of 400 mg/day for 4-weeks. BP of the PFP extract-treated group was found to significantly decrease by 30.9 (systolic) and 24.6 (diastolic) mm Hg, as compared to the placebo group. Interestingly no adverse effects were reported by the patients. Similarly, in a study conducted by Konta et al. (2014) observed a significant reduction in systolic BP in male Wistar rats when a high dose of purple passion fruit pulp (8 g/kg) is orally given. Moreover, Passiflora edulis have also been reported to contain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter involved in the reduction of BP (Inoue et al., 2003; Appel et al., 2011).
Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Spirituality in Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
Erminia Guarneri, Shyamia Stone
Passiflora incarnata or passionflower has been used for hundreds of years and considered an acceptable treatment for restlessness and nervousness. It has been studied in comparison to benzodiazepines for the treatment of chronic anxiety, and one study showed passionflower to be as effective as benzodiazepines in managing symptoms of anxiety.134 Perhaps the greatest differences noted were that benzodiazepines had a faster onset, and passionflower did not incite the adverse effect of performance impairment found with benzodiazepines.134 There are few adverse effects that are rarely noted with passionflower, but they may include dizziness, drowsiness, and confusion.119
Plant Species from the Atlantic Forest Biome and Their Bioactive Constituents
Published in Luzia Valentina Modolo, Mary Ann Foglio, Brazilian Medicinal Plants, 2019
Rebeca Previate Medina, Carolina Rabal Biasetto, Lidiane Gaspareto Felippe, Lilian Cherubin Correia, Marília Valli, Afif Felix Monteiro, Alberto José Cavalheiro, Ângela Regina Araújo, Ian Castro-Gamboa, Maysa Furlan, Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani, Dulce Helena Siqueira Silva
The 25 species from the Atlantic Forest are listed as follows: Anacardium occidentale (“cajueiro”), Ananas comosus (“abacaxi”), Apuleia ferrea (“pau-ferro”), Arrabidaea chica (“crajiru”), Baccharis trimera (“carqueja”), Bauhinia spp. (“pata-de-vaca”), Bidens pilosa (“picão-preto”), Casearia sylvestris (“guaçatonga”), Copaifera spp. (“Copaíba”), Cordia spp. (“erva-baleeira”), Costus spp. (“cana-do-brejo”), Erythrina mulungu (mulungu”), Eugenia uniflora (“pitanga”), Jatropha gossypiifolia (“pinhão-roxo”), Lippia sidoides (“alecrim-pimenta”), Maytenus spp. (“espinheira-santa”), Mikania spp. (“guaco”), Passiflora spp. (“maracujá”), Phyllanthus spp. (“quebra-pedra”), Portulaca pilosa (“amor-crescido”), Schinus terebinthifolius (“aroeira-vermelha”), Solanum paniculatum (“jurubeba”), Solidago microglossa (“arnica-brasileira”), Tabebuia avellanedae (“ipê-roxo”) and Vernonia spp. (“assa-peixe”).
Vitexin as an active ingredient in passion flower with potential as an agent for nicotine cessation: vitexin antagonism of the expression of nicotine locomotor sensitization in rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Samantha Bedell, Jacob Wells, Qinfeng Liu, Chris Breivogel
Preparations of passion flower [Passiflora incarnata Linn. (Passifloraceae)] have been used in traditional and herbal medicines to treat anxiety, insomnia and seizures, but controlled clinical studies of passion flower extract for these indications are limited (Werneke et al. 2006). Passion flower extract has been examined in double-blind studies and shown to treat generalized anxiety disorder similar to oxazepram (Akhondzadeh et al. 2001), to help patients through opiate withdrawal (Akhondzadeh et al. 2001), and to alleviate pre-surgical anxiety (Movafegh et al. 2008). In laboratory rodents, passion flower extract or single chemical constituents of passion flower have been shown to be sedative and anxiolytic (Soulimani et al. 1997; Zanoli et al. 2000; Krenn 2002) or anticonvulsant (Nassiri-Asl et al. 2007). Moreover, several studies in laboratory rodents have demonstrated that whole extracts or an undisclosed benzoflavone moiety from passion flower are anxiolytic, antitussive and aphrodisiac (Dhawan et al. 2001, 2002). The same investigators (Dhawan et al. 2004) also showed that the benzoflavone compound, when given together with the addictive agent during the development of dependence, reduced the symptoms of antagonist-precipitated withdrawal to morphine, alcohol, nicotine, diazepam and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
Pharmacotherapy of adjustment disorder: A review
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2018
Other classes of medication should therefore certainly be considered as first line pharmacotherapy for adjustment disorder. A number of naturalistic studies have suggested that antidepressants may be particularly valuable in adjustment disorder (Galecki et al. 2005; Hameed et al. 2005), but these have not used a randomised controlled design, and so must be considered preliminary. Distinctions between adjustment disorder and depression may also give the clinician pause (Zimmerman et al. 2013). Some limited evidence also exists for nutritional and herbal agents, although it must be emphasised that not all of these agents are safe. Recent Cochrane reviews have argued nutritional and herbal supplementation appears effective and safe for anxiety and anxiety-related conditions (Miyasaka et al. 2006), but there are too few trials of passiflora and valerian to be certain about the role of these agents (Miyasaka et al. 2006; Miyasaka et al. 2007).
Level of clinical evidence of herbal complementary therapies in psychiatric disorders
Published in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2019
Derya Ozsavci, Ozlem Bingol Ozakpinar, Mesut Cetin, Feyza Aricioglu
Passiflora edulis Sims (Passion flower): The genus Passiflora consists of 500 species in worldwide and this plant has been used widely as herbal medicine in West India, Mexico, The Netherlands, South America and Italy. Bioactive constituents are aminoacids, beta carbolin alkaloids and flavonoids especially chrysin. In some clinical trials, P. edulis has major effects for the treatment of some diseases such as anxiety, opiates withdrawal, insomnia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [25]. A double-blind RCT (36 patients with generalized anxiety disorder) suggests that Passiflora extract is an effective herbal medicine for the management of generalized anxiety disorder (with reduced mean Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale), and exhibits low incidence of impairment of job performance compared to oxazepam [26]. In a randomized-clinical trial with 63 patients administration of Passion flower extract as a sedative agent during periodontal treatment has been revealed to be significantly effective in reducing anxiety [27]. In another randomized clinical trial, P. edulis (260 mg) or midazolam (15 mg) were orally administered to 40 dental surgery patients (before surgery). Result of the study showed that passiflora has an anxiolytic effect similar to midazolam in adult patients and discussed to be safe and effective for conscious sedation [28]. In a double-blind and placebo-controlled study held by Aslanargun et al., it was demonstrated that oral administration of P. edulis suppresses the increase in anxiety before spinal anesthesia without changing psychomotor function test results [29]. In Belgium, a traditional herbal medicinal product (200 mg dry extract per coated tablet) is used to relieve the mild symptoms of mental stress, such as nervousness, worrying or irritability and to aid sleep in adults and children from age 12.