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Cytotoxic Phenanthridone Alkaloid Constituents of the Amaryllidaceae
Published in Spyridon E. Kintzios, Maria G. Barberaki, Evangelia A. Flampouri, Plants That Fight Cancer, 2019
Jerald J. Nair, Johannes van Staden
In terms of molecular size phenanthridones are small relative to other alkaloid based anticancer drugs such as camptothecin and vincristine and even smaller than other natural product anticancer agents such as podophyllotoxin and Taxol (Cragg and Newman 2005). Essentially, they comprise a tricyclic skeleton with the central ring (ring-B) distinguished by its heterocyclic character (Jin 2016). Ring-A comprises of a methylenedioxy functionalized aryl system, a β-lactam moiety is characteristic of ring-B, whilst the carbocyclic ring-C is striking for its contiguous hydroxy substitutions (Jin 2016). Narciclasine (11) is distinguished from pancratistatin (12) by the absence of a C-1 hydroxy group, whilst narciprimine (13) is differentiated from these two by possessing an aromatized ring-C (Jin 2016). Five compounds related to narciclasine have been identified including its 7-deoxy analog lycoricidine (14), glucosides (15,16), as well as the dihydro analogs (17,18) (Nair et al. 2016). Similarly, five compounds with close structural proximity to pancratistatin (12) were identified as 7-deoxypancratistatin (19), ester (20), and glucosides (21, 22, 23) (Nair et al. 2016). The narciprimine (13) subgroup was represented by eight natural congeners, which were arolycoricidine (24), crinasiadine (25), N-methylcrinasiadine (26), N-alkylated derivatives (27, 28, 29, 30), as well as the ring-A 1,4-dioxane analog crinasiatine (31) (Nair et al. 2016).
Cancer prevention and treatment using combination therapy with natural compounds
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
Pancratistatin (PST) is a natural compound obtained from the Hawaiian spider lily. It is known to be specific and selective in inducing apoptosis in multiple cancer cell lines while sparing noncancerous cells [91].
Multidimensional Studies of Pancratium parvum Dalzell Against Acetylcholinesterase: A Potential Enzyme for Alzheimer’s Management
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2020
Devashree N. Patil, Shrirang R. Yadav, Sushama Patil, Vishwas A. Bapat, Jyoti P. Jadhav
Acquired data showed a number of metabolite signatures belonging to different classes of compounds like fats/lipids followed by alkaloids, sugars, peptides, phenolics, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins. Since the extraction conditions were specific for alkaloids, there was higher conc of alkaloids and lipids were observed followed by other chemical groups. Herein the entire focus of the work was on the AChE inhibition and supporting activities, hence we have detected and tentatively identified 45 metabolites. All metabolites were belonging to either alkaloids or flavonoids. Name of the compound, retention time, height, experimental mass (m/z), molecular formula and reference database CAS, HMP, LMSD, KEGG and METLIN was mentioned in Table 7. As per the literature review there are different compounds reported to exhibit AChE inhibition largely belonging to Amaryllidaceae family. P. parvum was one of the less explored plant varieties among the Pancratium genus, the profile of metabolites was reported for the first time in case of P. parvum. There is presence of typical alkaloids belonging to Amaryllidaceae family as well as there are certain unique identities in case P. parvum. (Table 8) showed the detailed survey of identified metabolites from different plant parts of Pancratium variety. As there was no report available on the metabolite profile of P. parvum, present study highlights effect of all possible metabolites for concerned bioactivities. There are certain metabolites those were reported for the first time in case of P. parvum. Sanguinine is the alkaloid specific to Amaryllidaceae family supposed to have prominent AChE inhibitory activity (18). This alkaloid was also identified in the bulbs of Pancratium Illyricum (57). The compound is a galanthamine type alkaloid having IC50 value lower than galanthamine (58). Crinine type alkaloid crinamidine is having possible low AChE inhibition capacity (18). Also, plant extracts showed presence of flavonoids like kaempferol have high AChE inhibitory property in consideration with previous reports available in the literature (59). Presences of above listed metabolites were in strong agreement for AChE inhibitory activity in P. parvum extract. That was the reason behind compounds among the listed table had good binding affinity on immobilized AChE enzyme and β protein fragment on SPR. It is well known that this family produce tyrosine derived alkaloids exhibiting wide range of biological activities. Different alkaloids were also traced during analysis where pancratistatin alkaloid have anti-viral activity, anti-tumor activity and hippeastrine exhibits anti-tumor activity (18), lycoricidine is the compound which is used against cancer cell lines (3), 11-hydroxyvittatine has ability to possess antibacterial activity (60) and in healthy adult mice, Kalbreclasine exhibits promising mitogenic action on splenic lymphocytes stimulating their extensive proliferation (23).