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Macronutrients
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
The primary sources of oleic acid (omega-9 FA) are olive oil, canola oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sweet almond oil, avocado oil, and pistachio (69, 71, 105). Oleic acid has anti-atherogenic and antithrombotic properties; it prevents the formation of abnormal fatty deposit on the walls of arteries and it resists the development of blood clot inside blood vessels, respectively (70, 105–106). Oleic acid also increases the resistance to lipid peroxidation, a phenomenon of free radical formation in membrane cells due to the oxidative degradation of lipids. It has been shown to decrease the levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol or ‘bad’ cholesterol, and triglycerides, and is also known to be cardio-protective (70–71, 106). It also regulates insulin sensitivity. Olive oil has also been tested experimentally for its protective role in carcinogenesis and inflammatory phenomena (70–71, 105). Bioactive omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (OA) and 2-hydroxy oleic acid, also show therapeutic effects in neurotrauma in animal models (106). The relative safe profile of these neuroactive omega-9 fatty acids holds promise for the future clinical development of these molecules as analgesic agents (106).
Envisioning Utilization of Super Grains for Healthcare
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra, Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
The lipid content of buckwheat is 2%–4% most of which is present in the embryo. The free lipids are present at half amounts than bound lipids [32]. The risk of lipid deterioration is high in buckwheat since the embryo is mostly present in the bran fractions [12]. Approximately 75%–80% fatty acid composition is unsaturated wherein 40% are polyunsaturated [181]. The unsaturated and saturated fatty acids are mostly concentrated in the embryo and hull. Oleic acid predominates the fatty acid composition but LA and linolenic acids are also present at high levels of 36.8% and 2.7%, respectively [12].
Chemopreventive Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Oleic acid consumption has been associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer, and an article in Annals of Oncology in 2005 was one of the first to suggest that ingesting olive oil may reduce the risk of breast cancer. This finding was based on a study in which oleic acid was found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells growing in vitro and prevent over-expression of the oncogene HER2/neu, which is known to be a significant contributor to the development and management of certain types of breast tumors. Over-expression of HER2/neu is seen in about 20% of breast cancers and is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome and resistance to chemotherapy. Using human breast cancer models expressing high levels of HER2/neu, it was demonstrated that oleic acid suppresses over-expression of the oncogene, suggesting that dietary supplementation with this fatty acid could play a role in the prevention or management of certain types of breast cancer. In support of this, further in vitro studies have shown that oleic acid can make HER2/neu over-expressing cancer cells more sensitive to the effects of clinically relevant concentrations of trastuzumab (HerceptinTM). Based on this, it is possible that oleic acid may also be synergistic with other therapies directed at HER2/neu, and it has been suggested that dietary counseling could help delay or prevent trastuzumab resistance in patients with this type of breast cancer.
Exploratory metabolomic analysis based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS to study hypoxia-reoxygenation energy metabolic alterations in HK-2 cells
Published in Renal Failure, 2023
Xiaoyu Yang, Ailing Kang, Yuanyue Lu, Yafeng Li, Lili Guo, Rongshan Li, Xiaoshuang Zhou
Free fatty acids (FFA), also known as non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), are lipotoxic and consist of oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, etc. Intracellular levels of oleic acid are elevated (Figure 7(B)), and its accumulation in the renal cortex has been reported to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) leading to lipid stress and induction of renal injury [24,25]. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) undergo auto-oxidation to form oxidized lipids, which a part of them have anti-inflammatory properties [26,27], such as alpha-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derivative (Figure 7(C,D)), were shown to have reduced levels. It has been shown that exogenous DHA supplementation significantly altered the oxylipin levels and improved tubular function after ischemia-induced acute kidney injury [28]. Disturbances in membrane lipid composition and elevated levels of oleic acid, and reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids may suffer from impaired fatty acid oxidation, leading to increased lipotoxicity and inflammation [29,30].
Effects of saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids on metabolism, gliosis, and hypothalamic leptin sensitivity in male mice
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2023
Jesús Fernández-Felipe, Maria Valencia-Avezuela, Beatriz Merino, Beatriz Somoza, Victoria Cano, Ana B. Sanz-Martos, Laura M. Frago, Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso, Mariano Ruiz-Gayo, Julie A. Chowen
Throughout the study, the mean grams of food ingested was significantly higher in the control group compared to the groups ingesting a HFD (diet effect; F(2, 27) 182; p < 0.001; Figure 1A). However, there was no difference between groups in energy intake over time (Figure 1B). The cumulative intake of kilocalories and specific fatty acids after 8 weeks of dietary change was calculated from the total grams of food consumed and the composition of these diets as previously reported [21]. Total kilocalorie intake at the end of the study was not different between the SOLF and UOLF groups (Table 2). On a standard diet mice had a higher intake of carbohydrates and protein, with a lower total lipid intake compared to the HFDs, with no difference between these two diets in the total amount of these nutrients. However, the consumption of specific fatty acids was clearly different between the experimental groups, with the intake of oleic acid being significantly higher in the UOLF group compared to the other two experimental groups and with SOLF mice ingesting more oleic acid than controls. Palmitic acid intake was higher in SOLF mice compared to the other two experimental groups and with UOLF mice ingesting more palmitic acid than controls. Levels of lauric acid intake were elevated in the SOLF group, with this fatty acid being undetectable in the other diets.
Co-delivery of rituximab targeted curcumin and imatinib nanostructured lipid carriers in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2021
Jaleh Varshosaz, Setareh Jandaghian, Mina Mirian, S. Ebrahim Sajjadi
The presence of electrical charge on the surface of the nanoparticles cause their electrostatic repulsion and consequently the particles would be more stable due to less aggregation. ζ- potential is an indicative of the surface charge of nanoparticles and in the current designed NLCs it is needed to be negative to make physical targeting of NLCs with rituximab possible. Data analysis by the software showed that using oleic acid instead of Labrafac and raising its concentration from 15to 25%, led to more negative NLCs (Table 1). A similar result was reported by Kurniawan et al. (2017) when using oleic acid in NLCs. Oleic acid can associate with saturated, solid lipid molecules and enhance their fluidity. The mixed monolayers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and oleic acid have shown the surface potential of −25 ± 3 mV (Kurniawan et al.2017) which, relates to the carboxylic acid groups of oleic acid. Therefore, the NLCs obtained from this fatty acid showed negative surface charge not only due to the presence of oleic acid but also the phosphatidylcholine of lecithin component, which consequently provided suitable zeta potential for NLCs to be physically coated with rituximab as the targeting ligand for CD20 receptors present on the malignant B cells in NHL.