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Biobased Products for Viral Diseases
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Gleice Ribeiro Orasmo, Giovanna Morghanna Barbosa do Nascimento, Maria Gabrielly de Alcântara Oliveira, Jéssica Missilany da Costa
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a species of a flowering plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family. It has sweet roots, rich in glycyrrhizin, from which a syrup used in confectionery, cough medicine and in the production of some types of beer that is extracted. Glycyrrhizin is the main component isolated from licorice roots, which inhibited 50% of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) (Ashfaq et al. 2011), also protected from influenza A virus, causing a reduction in lung cells infected with influenza (Wolkerstorfer et al. 2009). In addition to being effective against hepatitis and influenza viruses, it has also shown its effect in the treatment of Covid-19, against SARS-CoV-2 (Jovic et al. 2020).
Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) and Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Jasbir Kaur, Sana Nafees, Mohd Anwar, Jamal Akhtar, Nighat Anjum
Glycyrrhiza glabra is a perennial herb, growing to 2 m high, that belongs to the class: Magnoliopsida; order: fabales; family: Fabaceae; genus: Glycyrrhiza; species: glabra L. Common names include licorice, sweet wood or mulaithi; in Unani, it is known as Aslus-Soos Rubb-us-Soos, Mulethi; English: Liquorice, Licorice, Liquorice root, Liqourica; Sanskrit: Yashti-madhu, Madhuka, Madhuyasti; Kannada: Yashti madhuka, Madhuka; Arabic: Asl-us-soos, Aslussus; Urdu: Mulethi, Asl-us-sus; Ayurvedic: Yashtyaahva, Madhuli, Madhurasaa, Yashti Madhuka; Hindi: Jethi-madh, Mulhatti, Mulethi, Mulathi, Muleti; Siddha: Athimathuram (Anonymous 2007a). This herb is found in Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Europe, and in a few parts of India (Shah et al., 2018). This drug is known as the “grandfather of herbs”, and it is one of the most commonly used traditional medicines in the world. For more than 4000 years, Glycyrrhiza glabra has been used medicinally in both western and eastern countries (Hosseinzadeh and Asl, 2008). This genus is extensively distributed throughout the world and comprises about 30 species. Its nomenclature was derived from the word “glykys”, the Greek word for sweet, and “rhiza”, meaning root; whereas, the word glabra is derived from the Latin word “glaber”, which means slick or bare (Chopra et al., 2002).
Ethnomedicinal and Pharmacological Importance of Glycyrrhiza glabra L
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
Ashish K. Bhattarai, Sanjaya M. Dixit
Licorice in present days also continues to serve as a flavoring agent, sweetening the bitter taste of many drugs. This review was focused on its general introduction, traditional uses, and pharmacological activities. This could help in further studies on Glycyrrhiza glabra for exploring its potential in preventing and treating diseases and other commercial uses.
Xiaojianzhong decoction attenuates aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 and AMPK/ULK1 pathways
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Ting Chen, Shengchuan Bao, Juan Chen, Jiaxiang Zhang, Hailiang Wei, Xin Hu, Yan Liang, Jingtao Li, Shuguang Yan
Xiaojianzhong decoction (XJZD), a famous Chinese herbal formula, is commonly used with remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of gastritis, gastric ulcer, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome and other digestive diseases. The formula for XJZD consists of six herbs: Cinnamomum cassia Presl. (Lauraceae), Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeoniaceae), Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Zingiberaceae), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Leguminosae), Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) and Saccharum granorum (Maltose). Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that ginger can effectively promote the synthesis of gastric mucosa, attenuate the digestive effect of pepsin, and exert an effective protective role on gastric mucosa (Haniadka et al. 2013). Cinnamaldehyde, the main component of Cinnamomum cassia, has antiulcer properties and can repair mucosal damage (Dorri et al. 2018). Paeoniflorin, the main component of Paeonia lactiflora, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and can reduce cell damage (Zhang et al. 2013). Licorice flavonoids, the main component of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, play a role in the treatment of gastric ulcers by regulating inflammatory mediators and amino acid metabolism (Yang et al. 2017). These findings suggest that XJZD may have the effect of preventing and treating gastric mucosal injury.
Herbal and Natural Dietary Products: Upcoming Therapeutic Approach for Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Deepa S. Mandlik, Satish K. Mandlik
Glycyrrhiza glabra has demonstrated several pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. Glycyrrhizin has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anticancer activity as the key component in the G. glabra (48). Glycyrrhizin and other constituents of G. glabra confirmed anticancer potential in various types of cancer, such as liver, skin and breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation, developing and growing cancer cells (49). Glycyrrhizic acid is the principal constituent of the licorice extract, can prevent hepatic carcinoma in mice treated with DEN (50). Glycyrrhizic acid administration has been able to considerably induce cytochrome P450 content that reduces cancer prevalence (51). Glycyrrhizic acid altered O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CMCNP) with various degrees of substitution can proficiently distribute paclitaxel to HCC. CMCNP-GA considerably enhanced the accretion of paclitaxel in hepatic tumor tissue and the targeted delivery to liver carcinoma cells, resulting in significantly increased in-vitro cytotoxicity and antitumor efficacy in-vivo (52). In one of the study, extract of G. glabra confirmed a strong effect on the treatment of DEN induced HCC in rats and this activity was stronger than cisplatin alone or cisplatin and G. glabra combination (53). Zhang et al., have confirmed the anti-cancerous role of G. glabra on HCC ascites mice model by using murine H22 ascitic cell line through the regulating of Frk-Arhgdib-Inpp5d-Avpr2-Aqp4 signal axis (54).
The effects of methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra on the prevention and treatment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rat: experimental study
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2021
Mitra Samareh Fekri, Hamid Reza Poursalehi, Fariba Sharififar, Ali Mandegary, Farzaneh Rostamzadeh, Rahil Mahmoodi
Administration of bleomycin (BLM) in the rat lungs leads to toxic reactions and pathological changes which are similar to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis or fibrosing alveolitis in human. So, BLM is a proper composition for studying pulmonary fibrosis and investigating therapeutic effects of medicine (Krous and Hamlin 1973, Adamson and Bowden 1974). Several studies have shown the effects of herbal medicine on BLM -induced pulmonary fibrosis (Yang et al.2010, Wang et al.2011, Gao et al.2012). In the previous study, it was shown that Myrtle extracts effectively inhibited the inflammation and fibrosis in the BLM -induced pulmonary fibrosis (Samareh Fekri et al.2018). Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) is a herbal plant that is comprised flavonoids, coumarin, and alkaloids as well as poly glycyrrhizin, amino acids, and sitosterol saccharides.