China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Natural Product Compounds from Plants in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Priya Darshani, Md TanjimAlam, Prem P. Tripathi, V.S. Pragadheesh
Various phytoconstituents have shown promising potential in the treatment of AD and are in different phases of clinical trials. Galantamine is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in the plants of the Amaryllidaceae family. The compound was first isolated in 1956 by a Bulgarian chemist and his team from the bulb of Galanthus nivalis L. (commonly known as snowdrop) (Chrusciel and Varagić, 1965). Currently, galantamine is being extracted from the bulb of Galanthus woronowi Losinsk and Galanthus alpinus Sosns., and also synthesized chemically (Loy and Schneider, 2006). Galantamine acts on the brain cholinergic system by a dual mechanism of action i.e., a reversible competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and allosteric enhancement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), which potentiate the presynaptic response to acetylcholine (Heinrich and Teoh, 2004; Albuquerque et al., 2001).
An Introduction to the Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Shandesh Bhattarai, Christiane Mendes Feitosa, Mahendra Rai
Some of the approved drugs from terrestrial plants are Apomorphine hydrochloride, to treat Parkinson’s disease, isolated from poppy (Papaver somniferum) (Deleu et al. 2004), followed by Tiotropium bromide for the treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, from Atropa belladonna and related tropane alkaloids from other solanaceous plants (Koumis and Samuel 2005). Nitisinone, a new class of herbicides from the bottlebrush plant (Callistemon citrinus) (Hall et al. 2001), is used for the treatment of hereditary tyrosinaemia type 1 (HT-1) (Mitchell et al. 2001). Galantamine obtained from Galanthus nivalis has been used traditionally in Bulgaria and Turkey for neurological conditions (Howes et al. 2003, Heinrich and Teoh 2004), and for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (Balunas and Kinghorn 2005).
Annonaceae Species
Published in Atanu Bhattacharjee, Akula Ramakrishna, Magisetty Obulesu, Phytomedicine and Alzheimer’s Disease, 2020
Chistiane Mendes Feitosa, Antônia Laires da Silva Santos, Alyandra de Sousa Nascimento, Veruska Cavalcanti Barros, Valeria Lima Silva Veras, Mahendra Rai
Alkaloids are a class of substances that exhibit potential for anti-AChE activity. It may be noted that galanthamine, an alkaloid isolated from species of the family Amaryllidaceae, such as snowdrop (Galanthus spp.), is currently being evaluated as a drug in the treatment of AD (De Melo and Costa, 2005, Feitosa et al., 2015).
Breast cancer glycan biomarkers: their link to tumour cell metabolism and their perspectives in clinical practice
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2021
Tomas Bertok, Veronika Pinkova Gajdosova, Aniko Bertokova, Natalia Svecova, Peter Kasak, Jan Tkac
Molecular and cellular characteristics behind relapse-prone TNBCa are of interest to follow. In one study, the glycoprofiling of tissues from TNBCa-relapsed patients were compared with tissues from TNBCa patients without relapse using lectin microarrays [153]. Out of 45 lectins, four lectins showed enhanced binding to glycoproteins present in the TNBCa-relapsed patients, i.e. TJA-II (Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin), ACA (Amaranthus caudatus agglutinin), WFA (Wisteria floribunda agglutinin) and BPL (Bauhinia purpurea lectin), while three lectins showed the opposite effect, i.e. NPA (Narcissus pseudonarcissus agglutinin), Con A (Concanavalin A) and GNA (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin). The authors predict that the glycan changes recognised by TJA-II, WFA and BPL are associated with O-glycans with β-linked terminal GalNAc residues [153].
Multidimensional Studies of Pancratium parvum Dalzell Against Acetylcholinesterase: A Potential Enzyme for Alzheimer’s Management
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2020
Devashree N. Patil, Shrirang R. Yadav, Sushama Patil, Vishwas A. Bapat, Jyoti P. Jadhav
Majority of studies are emphasized on naturally available alkaloids from plants for the inhibition of AChE enzyme. Amaryllidaceae family plants are having prominent alkaloids with wide spectrum of biological activities especially to inhibit cholinesterase. This family includes about 1100 species in 75 genera and is classed into medicinal plant family has a wide range of valuable traditional and medicinal properties (3, 18). The alkaloid, specially galanthamine, isolated naturally from the Amaryllidaceae family plants has become a crucial treatment for AD (9). The various genera from this family such as Pancratium, Amaryllis, Boophane, Crinum, Eucharis, Hippeastrum, Hymenocallis, Hemanthus, Galanthus and Zephyranthes have potential ability to inhibit catabolism of AChE (19–21).
PA-MSHA Regulates PD-L1 Expression in Hepatoma Cells
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2023
Hangzhi Wei, Yudong Mao, Huihan Zhang, Fahong Wu, Youcheng Zhang
Figure 1 shows the paired T-test-results of six carcinoma and para-carcinoma indicators. These indicators were Galanthus Nivalis Lectin (GNA), β-catenin, c-Myc, mannosidase II, MGAT1 and PD-L1. MGAT1 was higher in para-carcinoma (P < .05), whereas the other five indicators were higher in carcinoma tissue (P < .05).