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Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Cows: Change in Trends!
Published in Juan Carlos Gardón, Katy Satué, Biotechnologies Applied to Animal Reproduction, 2020
Ana Heras-Molina, José Luis Pesantez Pacheco, Susana Astiz
Another variant of the Ovsynch protocol is the administration of estradiol cypionate on day 8 but maintaining the GnRH and the PGF2α and being the TAI performed on day 10. However, the overall results were very similar between the two protocols (Pancarci et al., 2002), and it is worthy to remember, that the pharmaceutical estradiol forms are forbidden in animal production in Europe.
Endocrinopathies and cardiopathies in patients with Turner syndrome
Published in Climacteric, 2018
Z. A. Allybocus, C. Wang, Hr. Shi, Qh. Wu
The goal of ET is to correct estrogen deficiency in a manner that optimizes height potential, permits attainment of normal bone mass, and provides appropriate feminization. Treatment should be initiated between the ages of 12 and 14 years. Optimal growth stimulation for ethinyl estradiol occurs at approximately 100 ng/kg body weight per day for up to 2 years, and then double the dose annually until menstruation56. The estrogen dose and route of administration should be individualized, and patient preference and coexisting illness shall be taken into account. Oral estradiol 2 mg/day, transdermal estradiol 0.1 mg/day, and injection of estradiol cypionate 2.5 mg/month are the normally used doses. ET is a long-term therapy until the women enter menopause. Progesterone can be added to prevent unopposed estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia and to regulate menstrual bleeding.
Current and future contraceptive options for women living with HIV
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Rena C. Patel, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Jared M. Baeten
A monthly combined injectable with 25 mg of MPA and 5 mg of estradiol cypionate, with the latter component intended for more regular bleeding patterns than current progestin-only injectables, is being redesigned for resource-limited settings [82]. The approaches to longer-acting injectables, for example to be used at 6-monthly intervals, are still being investigated in preclinical phases [78].