China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The Role of Natural Products in COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Iqra Akhtar, Sumera Javad, Tehreema Iftikhar, Amina Tariq, Hammad Majeed, Asma Ahmad, Muhammad Arfan, M. Zia-Ul-Haq
This plant is also a member of the family Polygonaceae and mostly found in China, Japan, and Korea. Its root tubers are extracted for biologically active extract. This exudate is used to treat a number of ailments like joint pains, scrofula, rubella, paralysis, malaria, hypercholesterolemia, inflammation, and viral sickness. This plant also acts on ACE-2 receptor site. Ho et al. [157] reported that the bioactive component in this plant is also emodin working in the same way as in Chinese rhubarb. They also suggested that it would be highly appreciable to focus on emodin as anti-corona treatment, source plant may vary, but emodin may be the solution to the problem [157].
Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Emodin, an anthraquinone extracted from aloe vera is used to treat liver injuries, necrosis, inflammation, and kidney diseases and to treat carcinoma. Studies report that aloe-emodin exhibits antiviral properties against enveloped viruses like influenza A virus and herpes simplex virus. It is also shown to obstruct attachment, entry, and replication of the influenza virus (Gansukh et al. 2018). The anticancer properties of aloe-emodin have been found to inhibit cancer cells like hepatoma cells, glioma, and carcinoma cells. It also possesses strong anti-proliferative and antineoplastic reaction on cancer cells due to its apoptotic nature (Chou and Liang 2009).
Bone Regeneration Effect of Cassia occidentalis Linn. Extract and Its Isolated Compounds
Published in Brijesh Kumar, Vikas Bajpai, Vikaskumar Gond, Subhashis Pal, Naibedya Chattopadhyay, Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Cassia, 2021
Brijesh Kumar, Vikas Bajpai, Vikaskumar Gond, Subhashis Pal, Naibedya Chattopadhyay
Induction of osteoblast differentiation by emodin is associated with the upregulation of BMP-9, osterix, activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1), smad 1, smad 9 and Msh homeobox 2 (Msx2) mRNA levels in osteoblasts. Emodin-induced osteogenic differentiation could be blocked by noggin, thus suggesting the role of BMP-9 as the mediator of this process as BMP-2 expression was unchanged by emodin. In OVX rats, emodin (100 mg/kg, route of administration unspecified) given for 12 weeks although inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b, the surrogate of osteoclast number) had no effect on preventing loss of bone volume and strength. A “low dose” E2 (50 μg/kg) also had no effect however, when combined with emodin, complete protection against OVX-induced trabecular osteopenia and loss of strength was observed. As 50 μg/kg E2 had no uterotrophic effect, a combination of low-dose E2 and emodin has been suggested for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Chen et al., 2017).
Qingyi granules ameliorate severe acute pancreatitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota and serum metabolic aberrations
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Juying Jiao, Jianjun Liu, Fei Luo, Mengxue Shang, Chen Pan, Bing Qi, Liang Zhao, Peiyuan Yin, Dong Shang
Emodin is the main effective ingredient of Rheum officinale, the primary drug in Qingyi granules. Studies have shown that emodin can induce circulating neutrophil apoptosis through the Ca2+-calpain1-caspase12-caspase-3 signaling pathway to protect SAP rats from excessive inflammation (Wang et al. 2016), In addition, emodin suppresses the P2X7/NLRP3 signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species generation to reduce the production of proinflammatory factors (Xia et al. 2019; Zhang et al. 2019). Moreover, sodium taurocholate-induced pancreatic acinar cell damage could be attenuated by emodin via miR-30a-5p/HTRA1 (Xiang et al. 2017). Considering that the crude drug emodin is poorly absorbed, intestinal interplay was predicted to contribute to its distal effects. Here, emodin was tested in a parallel group to study whether there were similarities between the compound formula in Qingyi granules and monomeric emodin in SAP treatment. We integrated microbiome research and metabolomics to investigate SAP-associated gut dysbiosis and serum metabolite alterations, aiming to reveal the potential enterogenic repair mechanism of Qingyi granules and emodin.
A compound formulation of EGF-modified paclitaxel micelles and EGF-modified emodin micelles enhance the therapeutic effect of ovarian cancer
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2023
Ling Tang, Xiu-Xiu Liu, Xiao-Dan Yang, Shuang Tan, Zhong-Wen Zou
Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in the female reproductive system, which seriously threatens women’s health (Lheureux et al.2019a). The high metastasis rate of ovarian cancer causes its mortality rate to rank first among gynecological malignancies (Colombo et al.2019). Currently, a combination of surgery and chemotherapy is the mainstream therapy for ovarian cancer, but the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory. Nano-targeted delivery systems came into being to improve the therapeutic effect of ovarian cancer. For nanoparticles with a particle size of 20–200 nm, it is easy to enter the tumor tissue through the high permeability and long retention (EPR) effect (Liu et al.2018). Studies have shown that emodin can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibit invasion and metastasis through multiple targets and multiple pathways. By inhibiting the activation of AKT and NF-κB to enhance mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis, emodin exerts a chemotherapy sensitization effect (Dai et al.2019, Liu et al.2020). Therefore, we constructed an EGF-modified paclitaxel micelles plus EGF-modified emodin micelles to prominently inhibit the growth, invasion, and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells, the mechanism of action is shown in Figure 1.
Identification of Potential Therapeutic Genes and Pathways in Phytoestrogen Emodin Treated Breast Cancer Cell Lines via Network Biology Approaches
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Elif Sakalli-Tecim, Pembegul Uyar-Arpaci, N. Tulin Guray
All these studies showed that, Emodin can be considered as a promising antitumor agent for breast cancer tumors either individually or in combination with existing anti-estrogenic drugs by increasing their efficacy, however as seen from literature molecular pathways impacted by Emodin have not been fully defined, yet. The studies focused on only specific gene clusters or particular pathways or processes hence do not represent the whole gene expression profiles of breast cancer cells in response to Emodin. So, in this study we carried out cell-based microarray analysis using both ER+, MCF-7 and ER–, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines to obtain a better understanding of the possible effects of Emodin and to identify the molecular mechanisms and biological pathways associated with its anti-carcinogenic effects, through integrative analysis of microarray-based gene expression profile analyses and gene interaction studies together with literature. Our findings will highlight the potential use of Emodin as a potent anticancer agent.