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Conjugated Graphene Gold Nanocomposites for Cancer Therapy
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Abu Nasser Faisal, Shahjalal Mohammad Shibly, Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Jeyabalan Sangeetha
In this method, Au metal plates can serve as a sacrificial anode, while the cathode is a Pt plate concealed under the Ag plate. This is critical for adjusting the aspect ratio of the synthesized Au nano rods. All electrodes are submerged inside the electrolytic solution having the mixture of cationic surfactant consisting of hexa-decyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetra-dodecyl-ammonium bromide (TDAB) (TC12AB). CTAB worked as a stabilizer to avoid agglomeration, whereas TC12AB served as a rod-generating co-surfactant in this electrochemical process. Additionally, acetone is added to destabilize the micellar structure, allowing the insertion of a co-surfactant that promotes the production of tubular CTAB micelles. Cyclohexane is introduced to promote the development of extended rod-like CTAB micelles. The electrolytic cell with this mixed solution is then immersed inside the ultrasonic bath. Sonication is necessary to disperse the Au nano rods and keep them distant from the cathode. Throughout the electrolytic process, a supply of 3 mA current is maintained for 30 minutes. The exact mechanism through which Au nano rods are formed using this approach is unknown (Pérez-Juste et al. 2005). Nevertheless, other investigators have documented that the Au anode was depleted during the process to generate AuBr-4 ions, which were then conjugated with the surfactants and migrated toward the cathode where they were reduced (Cao et al. 2014).
Polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism in adolescents
Published in Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, Sanfilippo's Textbook of Pediatric and Adolescent GynecologySecond Edition, 2019
Andrea E. Bonny, Asma Javed Chattha
A cosmetic hair removal process can offer more immediate results for patients without need for prescription. Electrolysis and laser hair removal therapies are becoming increasingly popular and affordable. Eflornithine is a prescription topical cream effective for removal of unwanted facial hair in females.66 It inhibits the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase at the hair follicle, reducing the rate of hair growth. Eflornithine combined with laser therapy resulted in more rapid reduction in facial hair as compared to laser treatment alone.119,120 Drawbacks include need for indefinite use to maintain efficacy and lack of coverage by most insurance plans in the United States.
Ophthalmic nursing procedures and investigations
Published in Mary E. Shaw, Agnes Lee, Ophthalmic Nursing, 2018
Electrolysis is used to remove in-growing lashes by means of a needle electrode applied to the lash follicle. It is a painful procedure, and the lid is first anaesthetised with a local anaesthetic injection.
An evaluation of the available pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hirsutism
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2023
Leila Asfour, Ahmed Kazmi, Rodney Sinclair
These physical therapies act by either removing the hair shaft from the surface, e.g., shaving and chemical hair removal (depilation) or from above the bulb, e.g. tweezing and waxing (epilation). There are several physical methods for hair removal with light-based hair reduction being the fastest growing modality due to being a noninvasive, efficient, and longer-term treatment. There are a variety of laser devices available and device choice depends on patient characteristics, such as skin type and hair color. Complications such as perifollicular edema, folliculitis, pigmentary changes, and scarring can occur [65]. Total removal of the already androgenized hair follicles will require electrolysis or laser hair removal. It is preferable to begin mechanical approaches after medical therapy has had an opportunity to inhibit hair growth, usually after 6–12 months [66].
The “in’s and outs” of laser hair removal: a mini review
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Mandy M. Thomas, Nicolette N. Houreld
For many years’ temporary hair removal treatment options such as waxing, threading, tweezing and depilatory creams have been utilised, and are still being used. Although these methods are relatively inexpensive, convenient and easily accessible, the results are short-lived, and require regular repetitive treatments. Permanent hair removal can be attained through electrolysis and light based treatments. The use of electricity to damage the hair follicle can be painful and time consuming, and frequently leads to pigmentary disorders and scarring with poor application (2). Light-based hair removal technologies are grounded on either high-intensity, coherent, monochromatic, narrow-waveband lasers, or high-intensity, incoherent and polychromatic pulsed light (intense pulsed light, IPL). Along with significant advances in technology, laser hair removal, otherwise known as photo-epilation, has become a popular choice for the permanent reduction and removal of unwanted hairs. The concept of selectively targeting chromophores, known as selective photothermolysis, is an important concept in efforts to eradicate unwanted hairs, and relies on selectively targeting and destroying hair follicles through exposure to pulses of light, while causing minimal damage to surrounding tissue.
Phase I and phase II metabolism simulation of antitumor-active 2-hydroxyacridinone with electrochemistry coupled on-line with mass spectrometry
Published in Xenobiotica, 2019
Agnieszka Potęga, Dorota Garwolińska, Anna M. Nowicka, Michał Fau, Agata Kot-Wasik, Zofia Mazerska
At first, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to initially investigate the electrochemistry of 2-OH-AC at a glassy carbon electrode in a range of positive potentials and to determine the optimum operating range of voltages for further EC/MS studies. In order to confirm the postulated oxidation mechanism of 2-OH-AC action and to identify the oxidation products, controlled-potential electrolysis of 2-OH-AC (0.5 mM in 0.02 M PBS buffer, pH 7.40) was performed at 0.50 V. To support the possibility of the formation of the stable adduct between 2-OH-AC intermediate and GSH, the tests were performed in the absence and the presence of GSH (5 mM in ultrapure water). The electrolysis measurements were carried out for 24 hours and the progress of the process was monitored periodically by application of voltammetric, spectroscopic, chromatographic and spectrometric methods.