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The Properties and Applications of Nanodiamonds
Published in Lajos P. Balogh, Nano-Enabled Medical Applications, 2020
Vadym Mochalin, Olga Shenderova, Dean Ho, Yury Gogotsi
Today there is a baffling array of nanodiamonds available for research. They have been synthesized by the detonation technique (Fig. 11.1), laser ablation [23], high-energy ball milling of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) diamond microcrystals [24], plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (CVD) [25], autoclave synthesis from supercritical fluids [26], chlorination of carbides [27], ion irradiation of graphite [28], electron irradiation of carbon ‘onions’ [29] and ultrasound cavitation [30], with the first three of these methods being used commercially. Astronomical observations suggest that nanodiamonds are present in the protoplanetary disks of certain types of stars [31, 32], although the origins of these cosmic sources are still under investigation. Meanwhile, we need to be able to produce nanodiamonds in large quantities on the Earth for research and for industrial applications. Here we review the production, properties and applications of nanodiamonds with sizes between 2 and 10 nm, larger than the higher diamondoids [33] and smaller than the diamond particles used in abrasives. Occasionally, however, we will refer to measurements on larger particles [34–37] that provide insights relevant to sub-10 nm nanodiamonds.
Historical Perspectives and Technological Breakthroughs
Published in Harry F. Tibbals, Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2017
Another was carbon nanochemistry: carbon nanotubes, buckminsterfuller-enes, diamondoids, and graphenes. Another was materials science, including natural materials—micro and nanoencapsulation, quantum dots, and quantum resonance surfaces including butterfly wings, lotus effect surfaces, and gecko feet. These disparate fields were brought together as the unified focal point of attention by the visionary proposals of the nanotechnologists, inspired by the ideas of Feynman. Some were brought in kicking and screaming, but a unified field of nanoscience and technology is emerging. And in this field the proposals of Freitas formed the visionary and provocative thesis of nanomedi-cine that demanded a response, thereby pulling together the disparate efforts that are becoming known as nanomedicine and medical nanotechnology.
Micro and nanorobot-based drug delivery: an overview
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2022
Muhammad Suhail, Arshad Khan, Muhammad Abdur Rahim, Abid Naeem, Muhammad Fahad, Syed Faisal Badshah, Abdul Jabar, Ashok Kumar Janakiraman
Chromallocytes would replace whole chromosomes in individual cells, repairing the genetic defects and other chronic damages to the genetic makeup, thus preventing ageing. In a cell, the renovation machine will first assess the condition by inspecting the cellular substances, actions, and works along with the structure-by structure and molecule-to-molecule; these repair machines are capable of overhauling the complete cell. Diamondoid shape nanorobot (cell-repair) is shown in Figure 5 [27].