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A Comparative Study of Organic Pollutants in Seawater, Sediments, and Oyster Tissues at Hab River Delta, Balochistan Coast, Pakistan
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Sadar Aslam, Malik Wajid Hussain Chan, Grzegorz Boczkaj, Ghazala Siddiqui
The long-term effects of petroleum hydrocarbons and PAHs are lesions of the digestive tract epithelium, interstitial tissues, gonads and gills. Moore et al. (1988) have well reviewed the cellular and physiological responses of bivalve mollusk to specific PAHs. The most important physiological changes associated with exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons or other lipophilic organic contaminants are those responses that may affect an organism’s growth and survival and thus its potential to contribute the population gene pool. Alterations in growth potential may take place as a result of changes in feeding behavior, respiratory metabolism or digestive efficiencies (Capuzzo, 1996). Donkin et al. (1990) suggested that reductions in the scope of growth in M. edulis were related to the accumulation of 2- and 3-ring aromatic hydrocarbons, because these compounds induce narcotizing effects on the ciliary feeding mechanism.
Petrolatum: Conditioning Through Occlusion
Published in Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski, Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin, 2020
Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski
The name Chesebrough chose for the petrolatum which he manufactured [Vaseline (13)] apparently was derived from the German word for water (Wasser) and the Greek word for oil (14). The basis for this name was a theory mentioned by Chesebrough in an earlier U.S. patent. He believed that Vaseline (i.e., petrolatum), consisting of carbon and hydrogen, was formed by the combination of hydrogen (from the decomposition of water) and carbon (from certain minerals in the earth). Today, it has been well established that petrolatum, and all the thousands, if not millions, of molecular components of crude petroleum, have their origins not from water, but from organic materials which have decomposed naturally under the surface of the earth's crust. A significant body of scientific evidence points to petroleum as having been derived from once-living organisms (plant and animal life), thus indicating that crude petroleum and its components are truly natural materials.
Anti-microbial and Anti-oxidant Properties of Solvent Extract of Lichen Species Collected from Kodaikanal Hills, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
R. Kalidoss, M. Mariraj, M. Shenbagam, J. Merlin Seles, K. Arun Prasath, N. Rajaprabu, P. Ponmurugan
The results of anti-microbial and anti-oxidant assays are quite eye opening. The results are in accordance with the findings of Burkholder et al. (1944) and Silva et al. (1986), who supported that the lichens inhibit mostly Gram-positive bacteria. On the contrary, the petroleum ether extracts did not show inhibition activity against human pathogens. The methanolic extracts of Ramalina conduplicans of fruticose lichen exhibited better anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The extracts of Parmotrema grayanam and P. tinctorum exhibited strong anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Poornima et al. 2017), with the inhibition values of 10.83 ± 1.26 mm and 10.23 ± 0.75 mm, respectively. Variations in the results are probably due to the following reasons, such as the extracts of lichen and concentrations of the extracts used for the test.
Effects of resistance training and nigella sativa on type 2 diabetes: implications for metabolic markers, low-grade inflammation and liver enzyme production
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Soheila Jangjo-Borazjani, Maryam Dastgheib, Efat Kiyamarsi, Roghayeh Jamshidi, Saleh Rahmati-Ahmadabad, Masoumeh Helalizadeh, Roya Iraji, Stephen M Cornish, Shiva Mohammadi-Darestani, Zohreh Khojasteh, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani
Reagents included acetone, 5% diphenyl, and 95% dimethylpolysioxane (ARgrade, Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, USA). Sample purification/cleaning was performed three times on a cotton bed. To ensure purity and quality of compounds, petroleum ether was used as solvent in order to dissolve the contents of oil and improve viscosity. Helium (Purity >99.9995%) was used as carrier gas at the rate of 1 ml min−1 with the split ratio of 1:30 mode for sample injection. Ionisation voltage of MS-analysis was run by EI technique at 70 ev. About 2 μl of sample was injected into a DB-1 column (Inner diameter: 0.25 mm, length: 30 m, film thickness 0.25 μm) by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, 7890 A withMSD 5975 C, USA). Column start temperature was 50 °C for 5 min, ramp: 7.5° min−1, ∼280 °C hold for 55 min. Inlet temperature of GC was 290 °C, while Aux temperature was 280 °C. MSD parameters were: MS source: 250 °C and MS Quadrupole: 150 °C.
Fatty acids, esters, and biogenic oil disinfectants: novel agents against bacteria
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2023
Aruna Lamba, Jonathan Kopel, David Westenberg, Shubhender Kapila
Recently, use of biogenic (vegetable) oils has been investigated as a substitute for the FOG oil. Biogenic oils are non–petroleum-based oils with physical properties similar to those of FOG oil. Compared to other disinfectants, FOG and biogenic oils have properties that make them superior to other commonly used disinfectatnts.32–38 First, FOG oils are free of potentially carcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Second, the individual components of these oils (e.g., esters, aldehydes, terpenes, alcohols, and hydrocarbons) are more effective antimicrobial agents when used in the vapor phase than in the solution phase.26 Lastly, the diversity of compounds allows for a broad range and potency of antimicrobial activities against different bacteria.26 The antimicrobial activity of oils is associated with their physical and chemical properties, which affect the depth of penetration into the bilayer. For example, lipophilic oils can lower the plasma membrane integrity in mammalian and bacterial cells.
Management of full-thickness skin grafts
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Mitchell Davis, Daniel Baird, Dane Hill, Heather Layher, Russell Akin
Typically, if material is used to bolster the graft, the material is removed 5 to 7 days postoperatively.14,23,32 The literature suggests that blood and lymphatic circulation have been fully restored to the graft within 7 days.1,5,39 After removal of the bolster, the dermatologist may instruct the patient that no further wound care is needed.32 However, as grafts are temperamental for several days after bolster removal, our patients are advised to clean the wound gently. We also instruct our patients to apply white petroleum jelly to keep the wound moist. Lastly, our patients are advised to keep the wound covered for an additional week and to avoid sun exposure for several months.