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Information on level of drugs into breastmilk
Published in Wendy Jones, Breastfeeding and Medication, 2018
Cefalexin (cephalexin) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial. Kafetzis et al. (1981) gave a single 1 g oral dose of cephalexin to six women in the immediate postpartum period. The maximum levels achieved in breastmilk were measured as 0.51 mg per litre. In Ito et al.’s prospective study (1993) one of 11 women who took cephalexin reported diarrhoea in her infant which she attributed to exposure to the drug through breastmilk. Cephalexin is given directly to babies one month of age at a dose of 125 mg twice daily. Relative infant dose is quoted as 0.5% (Hale 2017 online access).
Cephalexin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Cephalexin (also spelled cefalexin) is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic intended for oral administration. Cephalexin was the first oral cephalosporin introduced for clinical use in 1969. It is 7-(D-alpha-amino-alpha-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid monohydrate. Cephalexin has the molecular formula C16H17N3O4S H2O, and the molecular weight is 365.41; cephalexin’s chemical structure is illustrated in Figure 19.1.
Information on level of drugs into breastmilk
Published in Wendy Jones, Breastfeeding and Medication, 2013
Cefalexin Brand name: Keflex, Ceporex US brands: Biocef, Cefanex, Keflex Australian brands: Cilex, Ialex, Ibilex, Keflex, Sporahexal Cefalexin (cephalexin) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial. Kafetzis et al. (1981) gave a single 1 g oral dose of cephalexin to six women in the immediate postpartum period. The maximum levels achieved in breastmilk were measured as 0.51 mg per litre. In Ito et al.'s prospective study (1993) one of 11 women who took cephalexin reported diarrhoea in her infant which she attributed to exposure to the drug through breastmilk. Cephalexin is given directly to babies one month of age at a dose of 125 mg twice daily. Relative infant dose quoted as 0.5% (Hale 2012 online access). The BNF states that it is present in breastmilk in low concentrations but that it is appropriate to use in breastfeeding mothers. Compatible with use during breastfeeding.
Prescribing patterns for treating common complications of spinal cord injury
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2023
Shikha Gupta, Mary Ann McColl, Karen Smith, Alexander McColl
The third most commonly treated condition was urinary tract infection, for which 71 prescriptions were issued to 46 participants (43% of the sample). The most commonly prescribed medications were nitrofurantoins (particularly Macrodantin/Macrobid), making up 24% (n = 17) of the prescriptions issued for this condition. Also common as the treatment for urinary tract infections, were cephalosporins (especially cephalex/cephalexin/keflex) – making up 20% (n = 14) of the prescriptions issued for this condition. Other significant categories of drugs used to treat urinary tract infections included: fluoroquinolones especially ciprofloxacin (n = 11; 15%) and beta-lactams (such as amoxicillin), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracyclines (n = 5 or 7% each).
Comparative Incidence of Periocular Surgical Site Infections with Increased Surgical Mask Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Of the patients that did have an SSI, characteristics are summarized in Table 3. All SSIs were unilateral despite three patients having had bilateral surgery (blepharoplasty). Only two of eight patients had notable relevant medical histories including diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea with overnight continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use, and immunosuppression. Culture results could only be obtained in three of eight patients (due to absence of pus in the other five patients) and were significant for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Citrobacter koseri. The five patients without pus were diagnosed with presumed SSI due to erythema and edema at the site. The most common antibiotic used to treat SSIs was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 6) and five of the patients improved within 1 week. One of the patients developed an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and other medications including azithromycin and doxycycline before improving with ciprofloxacin. The remaining two patients were treated successfully with cephalexin. There were no long-term complications related to SSIs in any of the patients though one patient had a residual mild hypertrophic scar.
Safety profile of laser-assisted drug delivery of vitamin C, E, and ferulic acid serum following ablative fractional resurfacing: A retrospective chart review
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2021
Hadley Johnson, Tiana Kazemi, Ronda S. Farah
This retrospective chart review was approved by the University of Minnesota Institutional Review Board (STUDY#00010381). Patients who underwent fractional ablative CO2 (10,600 nm) laser therapy for any diagnosis from Jan 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 were identified utilizing a laser log at the M Health Fairview Clinics and Surgery Center. Research opt-outs and pediatric patients were excluded. Identified charts were then manually reviewed for a one-time application of a combination serum containing 15% Vitamin C, 1% Vitamin E, and 0.5% Ferulic acid (C E Ferulic®, SkinCeuticals Inc., New York, NY) within 30 minutes of laser treatment. The following parameters were also collected: age, sex, pre-procedure diagnosis, location, after-care instructions, anti-viral use, antibiotic use, and documentation of post-procedure side effects. As consistent with our institution’s normal after-care instructions, patients were advised to perform an acetic acid soak followed by application of petrolatum for 3 days post-procedure and then transition to a bland emollient (VanicreamTM or Cetaphil®). Prophylactic antiviral treatment with oral valacyclovir was initiated 1–2 days prior to the procedure for 7–14 days if the procedure was near the nose or mouth or if the patient had a history of herpetic eruption in the treatment area. Oral antibiotic prophylaxis (cephalexin or doxycycline) was administered on the day of the procedure and up to 14 days afterward if the procedure involved perioral, perinasal, or periocular areas.