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Nutritional and Dietary Supplementation during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
The anthraquinone cathartics belong to the stimulant class of laxatives. They are used as monotherapy or in combination with other laxatives. Congenital anomalies were not increased in frequency among offspring of mothers who utilized either casanthranol (21 patients) or cascara sagrada (53 patients) in early pregnancy (Heinonen et al., 1977).
The menopause
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
Alimentary tract ‘The state of the alimentary tract demands particular attention ... gastric lavations, creosote, salicyne, corrosive sublimate and other antiseptic remedies are indicated. A tender liver and chronic constipation call for daily laxatives. Cascara, compound liquorice powder, Hunyadi salts, Rochelle salts, and other salines are highly useful ... daily defecation should be insisted upon. Constipation, producing numberless reflexes in leading to fecal anemia, is a most deplorable condition and should not be tolerated’.
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Bitter cascara extract has been used in liqueurs, the debittered extract in baked goods, ice creams, and soft drink. Drug of the bark commonly employed as a purgative, strong when fresh, milder with age (e.g., 3 years). Usually sold in quills. Used veterinarily, especially for constipated dogs. Flowers an important bee forage in California. Fruits eaten raw or cooked but can cause a transient reddening of the skin.17 Useful in sunscreens.211 Nearly 2.5 million prescriptions (0.16% of all prescriptions sold in U.S. in 1973) sold in 1973 contain cascara extracts.98
The influence of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) on the pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rats with single and multiple-dose studies
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Taofik Rusdiana, Yanni D. Mardhiani, Norisca A. Putriana, Dolih Gozali, Daisuke Nagano, Takuya Araki, Koujirou Yamamoto
Several studies on pharmacokinetic interaction of WF and herbal medicine showed an alteration in the parameters such as elimination half-life (t1/2), area under the curve (AUC), volume of distribution (V) and clearance (CL). For instance, an administration of andrographolide before the treatment of warfarin exhibited increased Cmax and AUC as well as t1/2 of WF (Zhang et al. 2018). Werba et al. (2018) reported the effect of green tea which influenced the WF pharmacodynamics, that the tea reduced the value of INR (International Normalized Ratio) significantly from 3.79 to 1.37. Also, the high vitamin K content in it is associated with the mechanism of decreasing WF effect (Cheng 2007). But other studies revealed that some herbs stimulate an induction or inhibition on metabolizing enzymes of cytochrome P450 or modulating the activity of P-gp transporter such as aloe, jalap, cascara, and rhubarb (Li et al. 2016). Consequently, these tend to influence the pharmacokinetics of warfarin.
A Purported Detoxification Supplement Does Not Improve Body Composition, Waist Circumference, Blood Markers, or Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Adult Females
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2019
Grant Tinsley, Stacie Urbina, Emily Santos, Katelyn Villa, Cliffa Foster, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor
Following baseline testing, participants were randomly assigned to consume the dietary supplement (SUP) or placebo (PL) for four weeks. The commercially available dietary supplement (FitMiss Cleanse) contains herbal ingredients that purportedly promote a healthy body weight, reduce bloating, and support the health and detoxification of the body. Each serving of dietary supplement contains 1,350 mg of a proprietary blend of herbal ingredients (papaya leaf, cascara sagrada bark, slippery elm bark, peppermint leaf, red raspberry leaf, fenugreek seed, ginger root, and senna leaf). All participants were provided with supplement or placebo capsules and were instructed to take two capsules with breakfast daily for four weeks. Participants were instructed to maintain their regular nutrition and exercise habits during this time. After the supplementation period, participants repeated the laboratory assessments. Testing occurred at the same time of day for both research visits. Three-day dietary records were obtained at baseline and near the end of the supplementation period for nutritional analysis.
Influence of andrographolide on the pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Xiaoli Zhang, Xiaosu Zhang, Xiaocui Wang, Meijun Zhao
In various countries and regions, especially in China, physicians prefer to combine herbal medicine with warfarin to achieve better effects and to prevent or reduce the side effects (Chua et al. 2015; Li et al. 2016; Choi et al. 2017; Di Minno et al. 2017; Liu et al. 2018). Certain herbs, including aloe, jalap, cascara and rhubarb, have been found to affect the metabolism of warfarin via cytochrome P450s (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases pathway (Greenblatt and von Moltke 2005; Lee and Fermo 2006; Milic et al. 2014). Therefore, it is important to study the interactions between herbal medicines and warfarin so as to determine their optimal clinical applications.