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Introduction
Published in Rosa Maria Quatraro, Pietro Grussu, Handbook of Perinatal Clinical Psychology, 2020
Rosa Maria Quatraro, Pietro Grussu
The distinction between psychoses, depression and bipolar disorder is well defined by a team from the French Marcé group (Florence Gressier, Ingrid Lacaze de Cordova, Elisabeth Glatigny, Nine Glangeaud-Freudenthal and Anne-Laure Sutter-Dallay). In those situations referred to above, according to the authors of this chapter, it is of primary importance to be able to prescribe suitable pharmacological treatments and psychological therapies integrated within a remedial broad-spectrum therapeutic strategy that is aimed at the mother, but also at the mother-child-father relationship, such as the therapies offered by the mother-baby units in many countries of the world.
An Overview of the NIAID/NIH Chemical Medical Countermeasures Product Research and Development Program *
Published in Brian J. Lukey, James A. Romano, Salem Harry, Chemical Warfare Agents, 2019
David. T. Yeung, Gennady. E. Platoff Jr., Jill. R. Harper, David. A. Jett
Since the overall number of TICs/TIMs that specifically target the pulmonary system is quite extensive, the NIH has supported a broad-spectrum therapeutic development approach that emphasizes treating common symptoms, pathways, and/or pathology of injury rather than developing specific antidotes for individual chemicals. Recognizing that some of the symptoms of chemically induced pulmonary injuries overlap to a varying extent with certain pulmonary diseases and disorders, such as asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bleomycin toxicity, and viral/bacterial-based respiratory infections, the CCRP has made a concerted effort to recruit pulmonary toxicologists and pulmonologists from research and medical institutions across the country into this field. The aim of this approach was to identify commonality of symptoms and pathology progression between chemical and non-chemical pulmonary injuries with the possibility of using marketed medical products for a chemical countermeasure–based indication.
Treatments and Challenges
Published in Franklyn De Silva, Jane Alcorn, The Elusive Road Towards Effective Cancer Prevention and Treatment, 2023
Franklyn De Silva, Jane Alcorn
Owing to its reversible nature, epigenetics is also considered an attractive field of nutritional intervention [366]. Some of the well-known nutrient and dietary components that can intervene with epigenetic mechanisms in physiological and pathological processes include folate (aging, immune function, embryonic development), resveratrol (inflammation, cancer), choline (neurocognition, embryonic development), curcumin (cancer), butyrate (stem cells), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (cancer) [366]. Additionally, the interdisciplinary broad-spectrum therapeutic approach will aid in incorporating nutraceuticals and natural products to maximize cancer mitigation [5, 7]. Promising phytochemicals are known for their safety, low toxicity, general availability, lower cost, and ability to interfere with dysregulated signaling networks leading to cancer as well as to synergize with different types of clinically used therapeutic approaches [7, 1330]. Another interdisciplinary field with great potential in prevention and treatment of diseases is immunonutrition (immune-modulating nutrition) [1331]. This field interconnects the immune system, nutrition, body organ metabolism, and the human microbiome (microecosystem that includes a collection of microbiota and their member genomes (i.e., microbial metagenome) [1332]), and is focused on three main targets, namely mucosal barrier functionality, cellular defense, and inflammation [1331]. Adaptive therapy is another recent proposal which considers the capability of the malignant cells to survive within the tumor environment by either competing for resources or by a mutation (loss or alteration of an oncogenic driver) that confers resistance to a treatment, leading to a growth disadvantage when that treatment is absent [71]. This approach may lead to the attainment of symptomatic benefit because subclones that are sensitive can be medicated to the point where tumor growth and size are reduced [71]. All these approaches will surely influence translational oncology and personalized medicine in the years to come (Figure 4.4).
Therapeutic Potential Ascribed to Ayahuasca by Users in the Czech Republic
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2018
Miroslav Horák, Lea Hasíková, Nahanga Verter
This article provides an overview of the therapeutic potential ascribed to ayahuasca by users in the Czech Republic. Our results suggest several theoretical implications. First, the intensity of effects produced by ayahuasca is not directly proportional to its therapeutic effect, which may last for a long period. Second, our respondents usually considered ayahuasca “a cure-all” (i.e., having a universal, broad-spectrum therapeutic potential). Third, according to local informants, ayahuasca has a therapeutic effect mainly in drug addiction treatment, as it may decrease craving tendencies and improve coping strategies for stress. This has also been suggested in previous studies (Thomas et al. 2013; Loizaga-Velder and Verres 2014; Tafur 2017). Fourth, the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca could be based on memory recall as a mechanism activating suppressed or forgotten mental contents that should be later integrated through some belief system or psychotherapeutic method; e.g., based on a depth psychology approach (Harris 2017).
Curcumin and Melanoma: From Chemistry to Medicine
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2018
Seyed Mohammad Nabavi, Gian Luigi Russo, Idolo Tedesco, Maria Daglia, Ilkay Erdogan Orhan, Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Anupam Bishayee, Kalyan C. Nagulapalli Venkata, Mohammad Abdollahi, Zohreh Hajheydari
Recently, a new approach has been suggested by an international task force of 180 scientists who explored the possibilities for a low-toxicity “broad-spectrum” therapeutic approach targeting key pathways and mechanisms in cancer (56). Analyzing the individual hallmarks of cancer, the investigators identified 74 priority targets to be modified to improve patient outcomes. This global task force group selected several phytochemicals that, when applied at low, nontoxic doses, could hit these targets. Their analysis revealed more than 62% of potentially complementary relationships between therapeutic approaches based on natural compounds and their efficacy on several hallmarks of cancer. As an example, curcumin, together with resveratrol, genistein, and EGCG, showed the largest number of complementarities (56). The future of curcumin in therapy against melanoma could be contemplated within this approach.
Design and statistical optimisation of emulsomal nanoparticles for improved anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of N-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)-carboxamido candidates: in vitro and in silico studies
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy, Dalia S. El-Gamil, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Marwa Sharaky, Radwan Alnajjar, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Mohamed Elagawany, Sara T. Al-Rashood, Faizah A. Binjubair, Wagdy M. Eldehna, Ayman M. Noreddin, Mohamed Y. Zakaria
Despite the huge leap in the development of vaccines worldwide, the demand for pharmacological treatments of COVID-19 disease is still urging as vaccines were found not 100% effective, especially with emerging variants, and could not fully prevent the transmission of the disease besides their slow reach to underdeveloped countries7. On the contrary, pharmacological treatments can be designed to address multiple targets that are highly conserved among variants of the virus such as Mpro, PLpro, non-structural protein 12 (nsp12), and RdRp in addition to host-related targets9. This would likely maintain broad-spectrum therapeutic effectiveness despite the continuously emerging viral mutations.