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Use of Essential Oils in Agriculture
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Catherine Regnault-Roger, Susanne Hemetsberger, Gerhard Buchbauer
Insect biocontrol by EOs results from several kinds of modes of action and depends on the routes of the exposure. An activity observed in earlier studies was the toxicity by ingestion or by contact through cuticle or by inhalation for volatile compounds. Insects are very sensitive to topical applications of EOs; for example, Citrus spp. EOs on the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamaïs (Motschulsky) or the larger grain borer Prostephanus Americana (Horn) (Haubruge et al., 1989) and the bruchid Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) to fumigant toxicity of a large range of Mediterranean EOs (Regnault-Roger et al., 1993). The first observations were mainly focused on insects of the stored products, but EOs could control a large range of flying insects as well: the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata, the greenhouse white fly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and also the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Regnault-Roger, 1997). They also repel or act as deterrents or antifeedants that affect insect fitness (Regnault-Roger and Hamraoui, 1994). All these activities the EOs exert on an insect could occur on several physiological targets at the same or at different stages of the insect development. As examples, EOs of Artemisia vulgaris develop a combined activity as repellent and fumigant upon Tribolium castaneum (Wang et al., 2006).
Atlas of Autofluorescence in Plant Pharmaceutical Materials
Published in Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina, Fluorescence of Living Plant Cells for Phytomedicine Preparations, 2020
Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina
The mugwort plant contains essential oils (with cineole, and thujone), flavonoids, triterpenes, and coumarin derivatives, but thujone is toxic in large amounts or with prolonged intake (Murav’eva et al. 2007; Anwar et al. 2015). The composition of essential oils varies in different countries, and polymorphism takes place (Judzentiene and Budiene 2017). For Lithuanian species, the major constituents sabinene, 1,8-cineole, artemisia ketone, both thujone isomers, camphor, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, davanone, and davanone B were found among 111 components. In the Turkish population from western Anatolia, the variation is larger, and there are clearer antimicrobial and oxidative effects of the essential oils (Erel et al. 2012). In folk medicine, tinctures of the species are used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, mainly as appetite stimulants (Murav’eva et al. 2007). The leaves and buds, best picked shortly before mugwort flowers in July to September, are used as a bitter flavoring agent to season fat, meat, and fish. The active medicinal compounds of Artemisia vulgaris are flavonoids, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, volatile oils, inulin, and alkaloids (Anwar et al. 2015).
Types of Raw Incense
Published in Kerry Hughes, The Incense Bible, 2014
Scientific names: Artemisia vulgaris, including other Artemisia species, possibly A.chinense (syn. C. artemisiodes and C. chinense). Some confusion exists on the market regarding which species are used as mugwort and which are used for moxa. Artemisia is also sold sometimes erroneously as “sage” for incense use, although a California native Artemisia is commonly called California sagebrush.
Aloe vera and artemisia vulgaris hydrogels: exploring the toxic effects of structural transformation of the biocompatible materials
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Taskeen Frasat, Ume Ruqia Tulain, Alia Erum, Uzma Saleem, Muhammad Farhan Sohail, Rizwana Kausar
The advancement in drug delivery sciences has introduced many materials with biomedical applications. Hydrogels are one of such dosage forms based on polymers that contain active drugs entrapped in a water-swollen cross-linked network made up of hydrophilic homopolymers or copolymers [26]. Several new natural polymers are reported for hydrogels synthesis. Herein, we report two of the natural polymers of Aloe vera and Artemisia vulgaris for toxicological evaluation as no previous such type of work has been reported yet [27]. Thus it was mandatory to check the toxicity of these polymers and find out the dose range that can be safely administered and figure out the clinical signs and symptoms associated with these polymers when used as hydrogels [28]. In drug studies there is a saying that all the chemicals or drugs are toxic, it is the dose that makes them safe for use. So, to assess the safety of the above-mentioned natural polymers, stable hydrogels of these polymers were formulated by free-radical copolymerization. These hydrogels were analyzed for toxicity of polymers both by in vivo and in vitro methods [10]. The Aloe vera and Artemisia vulgaris hydrogels were successfully synthesized and dried as a solid mass. The solid mass was then carefully triturated using mortar and pestle to obtain a finely divided powder of polymers. These powdered polymers were further used in all in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
Fabrication of silver nanoparticles using Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.) A. DC. root extract and unravelling their potential biomedical applications
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Shruti Nindawat, Veena Agrawal
Apparently, nanobiotechnology has come forth as a novel strategy for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. In vitro anticancer activity of nanoparticles has been reported against different human cancer cell lines such as A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), U87 (glioblastoma cell), COLO205 (colon adenocarcinoma), HepG2 (hepatic cancer), HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), PC-3 (prostate carcinoma), KB (oral cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), HCT 15 (colon adenocarcinoma), AGS (gastric carcinoma), Jurkat (T acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and mouse colon adenocarcinoma (CT-26), etc. [4]. Potent antiproliferative activity of AgNPs synthesized using leaf extract of Artemisia vulgaris has been observed against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines [5]. Also, cytotoxicity of AgNPs loaded chitosan-alginate constructs has been reported against HeLa cells [6].
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles toward bio and medical applications: review study
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi, Younes Ghasemi, Amir Atapour, Ali Mohammad Amani, Amir Savar Dashtaki, Aziz Babapoor, Omid Arjmand
Green chemistry has appeared as a novel concept for development and implementation of chemical processes in order to decrease or remove the use of hazardous substances. Compared with the use of plant extracts, biosynthesis of Ag NPs using microorganisms requires a precise process of cultivating and maintaining microbial cells, which in some cases can be pathogenic to humans. The ease of handling, the availability and a broad viability of metabolites are among the advantages of using plant extracts. Due to the broad availability of plant extracts as well as a wide range of biodegradable biologically active metabolites, biosynthesis of nanoparticles from plant extracts is receiving great interest. In a recent study, green synthesized nanoparticles were tested and analysed to find better response at antibacterial and anticancer effects. Some plants such as Artemisia vulgaris, Andrographis echioides, Prosopis cineraria, Ficus benghalensis, Nigella sativa,and etc were used and analysed by methods described above. They were choose due to their special effect on antibiotic resistant drugs, cancer and some other diseases that were mentioned. There are certain results that showed the superiority of green synthesized nanoparticles from plants and other biological sources over chemical drugs. Silver ions and silver compounds have been consumed as antimicrobial agents for decades in different fields due to their potent antimicrobial effect.