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Annonaceae Species
Published in Atanu Bhattacharjee, Akula Ramakrishna, Magisetty Obulesu, Phytomedicine and Alzheimer’s Disease, 2020
Chistiane Mendes Feitosa, Antônia Laires da Silva Santos, Alyandra de Sousa Nascimento, Veruska Cavalcanti Barros, Valeria Lima Silva Veras, Mahendra Rai
Hidalgo (2017) evaluated alkaloids in leaf extract of A. crassiflora for activity against AChE. It was possible to isolate and identify the aporphine alkaloids stephalagine and xylopine (Figure 1.3). At a concentration of 100 µg/mL, xylopine (1) inhibited AChE activity by about 20%, whereas the same concentration of stephalagine (2) exhibited 75% inhibition. Structurally, the compounds are similar, xilopine has a free hydrogen and stephalagine a linked methyl.Aporphinal alkaloids isolated from Annona crassiflora, namely xylopine (1) and stephalagine (2).
Medicinal Plants of Mongolia
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
Narantuya Samdan, Odonchimeg Batsukh
Chemical constituents: 3.0% organic acids, triterpene saponins (Fedorov, 1985); 0.3%−0.4% alkaloids (Javzan, 1999); berberine, phetidine, thaliphetidine (thalictrinine), isotetrandrine, berbamine (Fedorov, 1985), thalactamine, N-oxyargemonine, thalidesine, corunine, glaucine, protopine (Javzan, 1999); 1.6%−5.5% tannins (Fedorov, 1985); 1.1% flavonoids (Nuralieva et al., 1969). Thalfoetines A–D (Figure 1.39), unique hybrid aporphine alkaloids with a C-7 aromatic unit formed by a new C–C bond linking two building blocks, were isolated recently from T. foetidum (Cai-Feng Ding et al., 2019).
Aquatic Plants Native to America
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Bianca D. Fibrich, Jacqueline Maphutha, Carel B. Oosthuizen, Danielle Twilley, Khan-Van Ho, Chung-Ho Lin, Leszek P. Vincent, T. N. Shilpa, N. P. Deepika, B. Duraiswamy, S. P. Dhanabal, Suresh M. Kumar, Namrita Lall
Alkaloids are the only class of phytochemicals that have been reported in the American lotus. Several alkaloid compounds such as nuciferine, (±)-armepavine, (−)-N-nornuciferine, (−)-N-norarmepavine, O-nornuciferine, anonaine, and roemerine are found in trace amounts in the petioles of N. lutea (Zelenski 1977). The four alkaloids including nuciferine (0.047%), (±)-armepavine (0.0046%), (−)-N-nornuciferine (0.013%), and (−)-N-norarmepavine (0.055%) were also reported in the leaves and stems of N. lutea (Figure 4.33) (Kupchan et al. 1963). The four aporphine alkaloids (nuciferine, N-nornuciferine, O-nornuciferine, and (−)-armepavine) were found as the major phytochemicals in the leaves of the sacred lotus (N. nucifera) (Do et al. 2013, Ma et al. 2010).
Integrated serum pharmacochemistry and investigation of the anti-gastric ulcer effect of Zuojin pill in rats induced by ethanol
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jiaying Zhang, Yi Yin, Qianqian Xu, Xiaoqing Che, Chen Yu, Yan Ren, Dongsheng Li, Juanjuan Zhao
Aporphine alkaloids are another type of alkaloid from CC that display various biological activities, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, reversal of multidrug resistance, and antiviral activities (Liu et al. 2014). Aporphine alkaloids are characterised by a tetracyclic aromatic basic skeleton, including the phenol oxidative coupling of a benzylisoquinoline precursor (Ge and Wang 2018). Magnoflorine, a representative aporphine alkaloid found in CC, was first analysed. Molecular ions M+ and fragment ions, including [M-45]+, [M-60]+ and [M-77]+, were easily detected in the magnoflorine spectrum. The fragmentation pathways are shown in Figure 3A, from which we found aporphine alkaloids easily broke and recombined the side chain. According to the diagnostic fragmentation pathways [M-45]+, [M-60]+ and [M-77]+ and accurate mass measurement within 5 ppm error, peaks 14 and 22 were assigned as menisperine and stephabine, respectively. The typical mass spectra of menisperine and its fragmentation pathways are exhibited in Figure 3B.
Cytotoxic compounds from the leaves and stems of the endemic Thai plant Mitrephora sirikitiae
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Natthinee Anantachoke, Duangporn Lovacharaporn, Vichai Reutrakul, Sylvie Michel, Thomas Gaslonde, Pawinee Piyachaturawat, Kanoknetr Suksen, Samran Prabpai, Narong Nuntasaen
Various natural alkaloids are highly cytotoxic against many cancer cell lines via various different mechanisms of action, and many of these compounds have been developed into anticancer drugs such as vinblastine, vincristine, camptothecin, taxol, and ellipticine (Isah 2016; Iqbal et al. 2017). Liriodenine (5) and oxoputerine (11), aporphine alkaloids, have been reported in many plants of the family Annonaceae. These compounds exhibit cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines A549 (human lung carcinoma), BGC-823 (human gastric carcinoma), BEL-7402 (human liver carcinoma), HTC-8 (human colon carcinoma), and A2780 (human ovarian carcinoma) (Lu et al. 2011). Moreover, the anticancer property of liriodenine (5) is related to its anti-proliferative, apoptosis-inducing (Nakano et al. 2013), and topoisomerase II inhibitory effects (Woo et al. 1999). Liriodenine (5) also arrests the cell cycle by increasing in intracellular nitric oxide (NO) production, the overexpression of apoptosis-related proteins, p53 (Chen et al. 2012) and Bax, and the suppression of Bcl-2 (Nordin et al. 2015). However, there are no reports of the cytotoxicity of 6-methoxymarcanine A (15), a rare natural 1-azaanthraquinone alkaloid. However, it was revealed that marcanine A, a derivative of compound 15, exhibited cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines A-549, HT-29, MCF-7, RPMI (melanoma), and U251 (human brain carcinoma) (Soonthornchareonnon et al. 1999).
Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhizoma Corydalis
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Bing Tian, Ming Tian, Shu-Ming Huang
Aporphine alkaloids are the basic parent nucleus of isoquinoline, which is a tetracyclic aromatic basic skeleton, formed by the phenolic oxidation coupling of phenyl isoquinoline precursors, and contain tertiary amine bases such as glaucine (42). So far, 19 compounds have been isolated from RC and identified. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that aporphine alkaloids have a variety of biological activities including anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory among others (Ge and Wang 2018).