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Introduction to dermatological treatment
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Sedative antihistamines are useful for sedating children with atopic eczema to ensure that they and their parents get a good night's sleep. It is essential to give a big enough dose (administered 2 hours before bedtime) to ensure the child sleeps through the night. They are also useful for adults with very widespread rashes who need to rest the skin, e.g. patients with erythrodermic eczema or psoriasis, and patients with acute blistering conditions on the feet who would otherwise find it difficult to rest in bed. Hydroxyzine (Atarax), promethazine (Phenergan) and alimemazine are the most useful.
Clinical Pharmacogenomics Of Human Cyp2d6
Published in Shufeng Zhou, Cytochrome P450 2D6, 2018
The plasma concentration of aripiprazole is increased by coadministered itraconazole, and the decrease in oral clearance is estimated to be 0.0181 l/h/kg. By coadministration of itraconazole, the oral clearance of aripiprazole in EMs is decreased by 26.6%, with an even greater decrease (47.3%) in IMs (Kubo et al. 2005). Olanzapine, alimemazine, lithium, risperidone injections, escitalopram, or lamotrigine had significant effects on aripiprazole disposition in psychiatric patients (Waade et al. 2009).
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Published in Caroline Ashley, Aileen Dunleavy, John Cunningham, The Renal Drug Handbook, 2018
Caroline Ashley, Aileen Dunleavy, John Cunningham
Significant amounts of alimemazine are excreted in urine. It is therefore contraindicated by the manufacturer in renal failure; reduced clearance and elevated serum levels will occur in patients with impaired renal function.
Case study: organizing outpatient pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder in autism, intellectual disability and Phelan-McDermid syndrome (22q13.3 deletion syndrome)
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2022
Anne Langseth Rysstad, Arvid Nikolai Kildahl, Jon Olav Skavhaug, Monica Stolen Dønnum, Sissel Berge Helverschou
In August Jonathan ate well, slept more or less as usual and again communicated more verbally. Unusually for him, however, he still seemed anxious when left alone. Olanzapine dosage was reduced to 5mg + 5mg. Due to the severity of the manic episodes and the risk of new episodes, it was agreed to keep Jonathan’s pharmacological treatment, sleeping pattern and general surroundings as stable as possible during the following autumn and winter. Zopiklone was introduced in an attempt to further stabilise Jonathan’s sleeping patterns, but seemed to have little effect and was changed to alimemazine 10mg, then 20mg. Melatonin was discontinued. In a further attempt to ensure stable sleeping patterns, the entire olanzapine dosage was moved to the evening. At this point, Jonathan thus received 10mg. olanzapine in the evenings, lamotrigine 200mg x2, alimemazine 20mg, and aripripazole 5mg, as well as pantoprazole sodium for gastrointestinal reflux, and cetirizine for his allergies.
Weighted blanket and sleep medication use among adults with psychiatric diagnosis – a population-based register study
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2022
Steinn Steingrímsson, Ellen Odéus, Mats Cederlund, Stefan Franzén, Carina Helgesson, Kristina Nyström, John Sondell, Arve Opheim
Prescriptions of specific medications were registered in the national register of prescribed medication and the following commonly prescribed sleep medications were included under the following categories (ATC):Benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA): flunitrazepam (N05CD03), zolpidem (N05CF02) and zopiclone (N05CF01).Antihistamines: alimemazine (R06AD01), levomepromazine (ATC code: N05AA02), promethazine (R06AD02) and propiomazine (N05CM06).Melatonin (N05CH01).Mirtazapine (N06AX11).
Identification of chloramphenicol in human hair leading to a diagnosis of factitious disorder
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Alice Ameline, Marie Caroline Taquet, Jean-Edouard Terrade, Bernard Goichot, Jean-Sébastien Raul, Pascal Kintz
Hair analysis application has already been used to document factitious disorder by proxy [10], including drugs such as tramadol, alimemazine, or lamotrigine. Kintz et al. [16] described the case of an 8-month-old boy who was admitted to the Emergency Unit for the third time over a 9-week period, for sedation and breathing difficulties after a stay with his mother. A plasma concentration of tramadol was 56 ng/mL, which can be compared to a Cmax of 204 ng/mL in 7–11 year-old children receiving oral 25 mg [17]. A lock of hair of 3 cm length was collected. After decontamination, the hair was segmented into three 1-cm segments, which tested positive at 840, 570, and 690 pg/mg. When compared to a single dose experiment, the measured concentrations were considered indicative of repetitive exposure. Gomila et al. [18] described a 3-year-old boy who presented to a Pediatric Emergency Department for limb tremors, dysarthria, obnubilation, ataxia, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures coinciding with intermittent fever. Systemic toxicological analysis found alimemazine, acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, and diphenhydramine. A lock of hair of 8 cm length was collected, segmented into 4 × 2 cm segments and alimemazine was detected in concentrations between 4.9 ng/mg and 19.1 ng/mg. These concentrations are very high when compared with the only published report of two children sedated with alimemazine, with hair concentrations between 0.023 and 0.339 ng/mg [19]. Hoizey et al. [20], described a 16-month-old child with 32 pediatric emergency visits since birth, 13 of which were followed by hospitalization for neurological signs such as tremors or abnormal movements. A toxic blood lamotrigine concentration was found at 74 mg/L, while the therapeutic range is about 2–4 mg/T [21]. Hair, which had not been cut since birth, tested positive in all segments and revealed lamotrigine in four segments at 45 ng/mg, 63 ng/mg, 96 ng/mg, and 102 ng/mg.