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Serological Typing of HLA-A, -B, and -C Antigens
Published in M. Kam, Jeffrey L. Bidwell, Handbook of HLA TYPING TECHNIQUES, 2020
A mask should be worn when handling acridine/ethidium bromide powder. Stock solution: Dissolve 50 mg of ethidium bromide and 15 mg of acridine orange in 1 ml of 95% ethanol. Add 49 ml of distilled water, mix well, aliquot into 1 ml vol, and store at -20°C For daily use dilute 1 ml of stock solution 1:10 to 1:20 with PBS (pH 7.4). If the lymphocytotoxic reaction is to be stopped use 5% EDTA in PBS (pH 7.4). Store in the dark at 4°C
Use of Fluorescence as a Voltage Indicator in Mononuclear Cells*
Published in Richard C. Niemtzow, Transmembrane Potentials and Characteristics of Immune and Tumor Cell, 2020
Jeffrey L. Rossio, Richard C. Niemtzow
A second class of dyes, represented by acridine orange and mithramycin, bind to nucleic acids. Since one correlate of cell activation is change in the nuclear morphology (representing, perhaps, more transcriptive activity), these dyes do present a rough correlation with activation. But these changes occur slowly and often are not predictably consistent among various cell types.
Chemical Hybridization Approaches Applied to Natural and Synthetic Compounds for the Discovery of Drugs Active Against Neglected Tropical Diseases
Published in Venkatesan Jayaprakash, Daniele Castagnolo, Yusuf Özkay, Medicinal Chemistry of Neglected and Tropical Diseases, 2019
Elena Petricci, Paolo Governa, Fabrizio Manetti
More recently, the acridine moiety was hybridized with pyrrolidine derivatives, thus generating new compounds to be used alone or in combination with artemisinin (Pandey et al. 2016) (Figure 26). In vivo evaluation in MDR P. yoelii nigeriensis infected mice as well as pharmacokinetic properties demonstrated that 97 was a good candidate for malaria treatment alone or in combination with artemisinin. Despite the promising profile of this compound, further evaluation was not reported yet. Acridine-based hybrid compounds.
Synthesis, computational study and biological evaluation of 9-acridinyl and 1-coumarinyl-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl derivatives as topoisomerase II inhibitors
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2022
Gehan A. Abdel-Hafez, Abdel-Maaboud I. Mohamed, Adel F. Youssef, Claire Simons, Ahmed S. Aboraia
The ability of the tricyclic planar aromatic structure of acridine to intercalate in the double-stranded DNA structure and the acridine nitrogen adoption of an acceptor or donor conformation, which has a radical effect on the binding properties of the molecule are the major considerations for the use of acridines as anticancer compounds4,5. In addition, acridine derivatives prevent abnormal functioning of tumour cells, which includes dysfunction of the enzymes that control the topology of DNA6. Topoisomerase, telomerase, and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are illustrative examples of enzymes inhibited by acridine derivatives such as amsacrine7, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]acridine-4-carboxamide (DACA)8, and 3-aminoacridine-9(10H)-thione (3-ATA) (Figure 1)9,10.
Investigation of in vivo unscheduled DNA synthesis in rabbit corneas following instillation of genotoxic agents
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2021
Haruna Tahara, Shingo Nemoto, Yoshinori Yamagiwa, Yu Haranosono, Masaaki Kurata
Table 1 summarises the histopathological findings in the corneal epithelium following treatment with test compounds and controls in Experiment 1. No histopathological changes in the corneal epithelium were observed in the negative control (physiological saline)-treated eyes (Figure 1(a)). In the paraquat-treated eyes, no histopathological changes were observed in the corneal epithelium at any treatment concentrations. In the acridine orange-treated eyes, no histopathological changes were observed in the corneal epithelium treated with a concentration of 0.1% acridine orange. Very slight to slight pale-colored cytoplasm and very slight vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells were observed at concentrations of 0.5 and 2.5% acridine orange. There was no tissue sample in which the number of SLCs could not be counted. In the ethidium bromide-treated eyes, no histopathological change was observed in the corneal epithelium at any treatment concentration (Figure 1(b)). In the positive control (1 J/cm2 UV irradiation)-treated eyes, moderate degeneration/necrosis of the corneal epithelial cells was observed specifically on the surface layer (Figure 1(c)). The number of SLCs could be counted in all tissue samples.
1,3-dimethyl-6-nitroacridine derivatives induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by targeting DNA
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Qian Zhou, Hongshuai Wu, Chaoqun You, Zhiguo Gao, Kai Sun, Mingxin Wang, Fanghui Chen, Baiwang Sun
1,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-9–(4-carbethoxyl)ethylaminno-acridine(2). 2 was prepared from glycine ethyl ester and compound 8 according to the procedure for 1. Yeild: 76.8%. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.61 (s, 1H), 8.07 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (s, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 4.59 (s, 2H), 4.14 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1.20 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H). ESI-MS: [M-H]− 352.3. Elemental analysis calcd for C19H19N3O4(%): C 64.58, H 5.42, N 11.89; found: C 64.35, H 5.46, N 11.96.