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Identification of Botanical and Geographical Origins of Honey-Based on Polyphenols
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Arijit Nath, Rasul Hafiz Ansar Suleria, Plant-Based Functional Foods and Phytochemicals, 2021
Zsanett Bodor, Csilla Benedek, Zoltan Kovacs, John-Lewis Zinia Zaukuu
A unique polyphenol, acacetin, was identified as a compound present exclusively in acacia honey samples collected in Romania. For the quantification of acacetin and other polyphenols, LC-MS technique was used. Other phenolic compounds (such as: p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid) and flavonoids (such as: apigenin, kaemp-ferol, pinocembrin, and chrysin) were detected in the acacia honeys [56].
Phytotherapeutic Agents in Epilepsy
Published in Vikas Kumar, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu, Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management, 2018
Linarin, a flavone glycoside of acacetin (acacetin 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside) is the most abundant constituent in the fragrant extract of the flowers of Chrysanthemum boreale (Fam. Compositae) which has been found to demonstrate sedative effects in pentobarbital-induced assay and anticonvulsant activities in the PTZ model of epilepsy.53 Further, the aglycone portion of linarin, acacetin obtained by hydrolysis of linarin has also been found to be active in pentobarbital-induced assay and PTZ-induced assay in mice showing more potent activities than its glycoside, linarin. This suggests that acacetin is the active moiety present in linarin responsible for its sedative and anticonvulsant properties. The HPLC analysis of the plant extracts shows that the flower and the leaf part of the plant contain abundant amounts of linarin but the stem has much smaller quantity in comparison. In another study, Fernández et al. have reported that linarin isolated from Valeriana officinalis has sedative and sleep-enhancing properties.54
Herbal Drug Discovery Against Inflammation: From Traditional Wisdom to Modern Therapeutics
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Shalini Dixit, Karuna Shanker, Madhumita Srivastava, Priyanka Maurya, Nupur Srivastava, Jyotshna, Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
Flavonoids are known for its valuable contribution against inflammation. Quercetin inhibited COX and LOX pathways at the high concentrations primary target to show anti-inflammatory activity (Mohammed et al., 2014). Luteolin, luteolin 7-glucoside, and genistein inhibit LPS stimulated TNF-α and IL-6 release leading to promising anti-inflammatory activity (Calixto et al., 2004). Apigenin found in Achillea millefolium is reported to have anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet properties. It is reported that silymarine (a mixture of flavonoids) isolated from Silybum marianum L. exhibits anti-inflammatory activity with inhibition of IL-2 and 4 (Manna et al., 1999). Nepetin, jaceosidin, and hispidulin three flavonoids isolated from dichloromethane extract of Eupatorium arnottianum Griseb. were found as active anti-inflammatory agents (Calixto et al., 2004). A flavonoid isolated from Celosia argentea L. showed anti-inflammatory activity (Shelar et al., 2010). Acacetin found in Robinia pseudocacia have been shown to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity (Djerassi, Connolly, and Faulkner, 1997; Sun et al., 2017). 5-hydroxy-3, 6, 7, 3´, 4´-pentamethoxyflavone isolated from the leaves of Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae) showed marked anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models in rats. Aqueous methanolic extract of the bark of Cinnamomum sieboldii Meissn. (Lauraceae) yields epicatechin, catechin, procyanidin B2/B4, cinnamonol D1 and D4 possess potent inhibitory activity on the formation of granulation tissue through screening by the fertile egg methods (Otsuka et al., 1982). Zingiberaceae also reported to have anti-inflammatory activity (Harborne, (1989). Hesperidin, an active constituent isolated from Citrus plants have significant anti-inflammatory activity on rat paw edema induced by both carrageenan and dextran on carrageenan pleurisy, without producing the side effects that are caused by other classes of anti-inflammatory drugs (Mohammed et al., 2014). About 30 flavonoids isolated from several plants of the composite family were already investigated for anti-inflammatory activities (Jin et al., 2010).
Acacetin-loaded microemulsion for transdermal delivery: preparation, optimization and evaluation
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Yajing Wang, Qian Chen, Xianfeng Huang, Xiaojing Yan
HPLC-MS analysis: Firstly, a set of plasma standards of acacetin were prepared by mixing of different amount of acacetin with 100 μL of blank rat plasma to give final acacetin concentrations of 0.5 ∼ 1000 ng/mL in plasma, respectively. Then an aliquot (1 mL) of the internal standard (IS) solution (30 ng/mL pentamethylquercetin in methanol) was added to each plasma standards. After vortexed mixing for 5 min to precipitate plasma protein, followed by centrifugation at 12,000 g for 30 min. The final supernatant was injected into UPLC/MS/MS system for analysis. In addition, three quality control samples (QCs) at 1, 25, and 400 ng/mL were prepared in blank plasma. Secondly, frozen serum samples were thawed at room temperature (R.T.). The post-treatment of plasma samples was the same as plasma standards as described above.
Acacetin alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Chan Wu, Ruo-Lan Chen, Yan Wang, Wei-Yin Wu, Gang Li
Acacetin is an O-methylated flavone extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Xuelianhua or many other plants as a bioactive compound (Chen et al. 2017). In the present study, a rat model for myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) was conducted, and acacetin was administrated to the rats for 7 days before or after reperfusion. Our results showed that acacetin treatment reduced the incidence of arrhythmia and the area of myocardial infarction. The echocardiography and H&E staining proved that acacetin improved cardiac function and reduced the structural damage of myocardial tissue. Myocardial I/R can lead to myocardial fibrosis. The normal myocardial interstitium is composed of cellular and non-cellular structures. Each group of collagen components together form a collagen fibre network, which affects the structure and function of the heart. Myocardial fibrosis is mainly manifested by increased deposition and disordered arrangement of collagen in the interstitium (Yu et al. 2020). In the results, myocardial I/R injury elevated inflammatory infiltration as shown in H&E staining and promoted myocardial fibrosis (Masson staining) by promoting the expression of Collagen 1 and Collagen 3. One week after administration, acacetin alleviates cardiac I/R injury, reducing inflammatory infiltration and myocardial fibrosis by decreasing Collagen 1 and Collagen 3, which indicated that acacetin plays a cardioprotective effect after I/R.
Cellular Calcium Signals in Cancer Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy by Phytochemicals
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Xue Li, Shuhan Miao, Feng Li, Fen Ye, Guang Yue, Rongzhu Lu, Haijun Shen, Yang Ye
Acacetin (5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavonoid), a natural bioactive flavonoid compound isolated from various plants (87, 88), exhibits many functions including anti-inflammatory, anti-peroxidative and anti-plasmodial activities (89). Acacetin has been widely studied for its anti-tumor efficacy and regulates proliferation, apoptosis and many signaling pathways (90, 91). Shen et al. reported that acacetin inhibited invasion and migration through down-regulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in human prostate cancer (87). Salimi et al. showed that acacetin inhibits the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia through targeting oxidative stress and cancerous mitochondria (89). Shim et al. reported that acacetin induced apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (91). The role of calcium signaling in acacetin-induced cancer cell death has also been preliminarily explored. Sun et al. found that acacetin elevated the influx of Ca2+ through muscarinic M3 receptor (M3R), and knockdown of M3R markedly decreased acacetin induced the increase of cytosolic Ca2+. Furthermore, pretreatment of BAPTA-AM (a cytosolic calcium chelator) significantly attenuated the decline of cell viability and decreased the expression of caspase-3 with exposure to acacetin. Thus, acacetin inhibited cell proliferation mainly via M3R-related calcium signaling–mediated apoptosis (92).