China
Africa
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The Worldwide Spread of ‘Herbal Highs’
Published in Ornella Corazza, Andres Roman-Urrestarazu, Handbook of Novel Psychoactive Substances, 2018
Jessica Neicun, Darshan Singh, Eduardo Cinosi
Elsewhere, namely in the EU and the USA, Kratom has become popular in recent years as a recreational NPS (EMCDDA, n.d.; Forrester, 2013; UNODC, 2013). A variety of Mitragyna speciosa–related products, whose exact content is not always verified, are easily accessible from local smart shops and increasingly available for sale on the Internet, in particular on web-based ‘legal highs’ pharmacies (Boyer et al., 2008; Hillebrand et al., 2010). Kratom is easily purchased and commonly taken in combination with a variety of other recreational ‘classic’ drugs (e.g., alcohol, cannabis, benzodiazepines, methadone, cocaine, amphetamine, hallucinogenic mushrooms) and NPS (e.g., kava, mephedrone, and other synthetic cathinones, tryptamines, and phenylethylamines, such as 2C-E, AL-LAD, 4-HO-MiPT) (Erowid.org, n.d.).
A letter reporting a case of fatal ventricular dysrhythmia associated with the LSD analog AL-LAD
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Adam Blumenberg, Robert G. Hendrickson
The lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) analog 6-allyl-6-nor-LSD (AL-LAD) is one of several psychoactive compounds which are both readily obtainable and poorly characterized in their biological effects. A 2016 study demonstrated that over half of those who used LSD-analogues including AL-LAD obtained the substances via the internet [1]. Users of AL-LAD report psychoactive effects similar to LSD, namely mood changes, hallucinations, and delusions [2,3]. AL-LAD is not currently scheduled by the Drug Enforcement Administration, however, may be subject to regulation by the Federal Analogue Act. While rodent studies have demonstrated AL-LAD binds 5-HT2A, D1, and D2 receptors, and induces hyperthermia and uterine contractions, human clinical data are conspicuously absent [4–7].