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Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals from Fish and Their Activities
Published in Ramasamy Santhanam, Santhanam Ramesh, Subramanian Nivedhitha, Subbiah Balasundari, Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals from Fish and Fish Wastes, 2022
Ramasamy Santhanam, Santhanam Ramesh, Subramanian Nivedhitha, Subbiah Balasundari
Antibacterial and hemolytic activities: The mucus of this fish showed antibacterial activity against Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Staphylococcus aureus with a mean diameter of inhibition 0.80 cm. The blood serum of this species showed similar activity against only Vibrio alginolyticus with 0.95 cm. Further, the blood serum of this species also showed hemolytic properties (Caruso et al., 2014).
Potential of Piper Germplasm Against Pathogenic Bacteria: Tropical Bay Islands in India
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Assessment of Medicinal Plants for Human Health, 2020
Chinthamani Jayavel, Ajit Arun Waman, Saravanan Kandasamy, Pooja Bohra
In Vibrio alginolyticus, screening of extracts revealed that none of the extracts was effective enough to inhibit its growth, when compared with the positive controls. Extracts of P. chaba and P. sarmentosum-1, 4, and 5 could inhibit the pathogen growth only at higher concentration of 100 µL (Table 5.5). Ethanolic extract of black pepper showed 14 mm inhibition zone against V. alginolyticus,34 while it was 9.58 mm in present study. Extracts of P. betle showed 12.5 mm zone of inhibition2 against V. alginolyticus (ATCC 17749) as compared to 7.75 mm as observed in the present study.
Tetrodotoxin
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
A.G. Cabado, L.P. Rodríguez, J.M. Vieites
TTX-producing bacteria result in an attractive method to obtain this toxin, although maintaining its productive properties for long periods is a difficult task.28 As previously mentioned, many bacteria that synthesize TTX have been identified in different reports. The major TTX-producing microbes belong to the genus Vibrio, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Shewanella, and Alteromonas. Most of the updated findings have described Vibrio alginolyticus as the typical TTX-producing bacterium.26 Recently, an interesting thesis has been published in which TTX-producing bacteria as well as TTX characterization have been evaluated. The author studies three TTX-producing bacteria: Vibrio alginolyticus, Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum, and Serratia marcescens. Microbial biosynthesis uses a bacteria fermentation method to produce TTX, which can significantly reduce the production cost and effectively protect the environment. TTX production is affected by several steps, such as bacterial cultivation, TTX extraction, purification, and collection. However, the TTX produced by bacteria through a fermenter is still at a microgram level per liter of culture medium with toxicities around 14 Mouse Units (MU).27
Synthetic engineered bacteria for cancer therapy
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2023
With the basic sciences continuously moving the boundaries of cancer pathogenesis forward, bacteria are emerging as a versatile platform that can be engineered with different modalities and agents, both at the extracellular and intracellular levels, to fully extend their treatment potential [45,48]. Furthermore, by virtue of their motility toward tumor cores, other cancer therapy methods, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and phototherapy, can synergize with bacteria-based therapies to maximize treatment efficacy [56,155,180–185]. More interestingly, there are various bacteria strains distinguished by their unique characteristics. Some of them possess low immunogenicity due to gene modifications, such as attenuated Salmonella and Listeria, which are perfect strains to elicit an immune response for immunotherapy [150,163]. Other strains such as Vibrio alginolyticus and E. coli have very fast motility characteristics [186], which can be engineered to increase the penetration of therapeutics into solid tumors [187,188]. Thereby, different engineering methods for various bacteria species are being explored to meet the desired treatment efficacy.
Identification and characterization of a locus putatively involved in colanic acid biosynthesis in Vibrio alginolyticus ZJ-51
Published in Biofouling, 2018
Xiaochun Huang, Chang Chen, Chunhua Ren, Yingying Li, Yiqin Deng, Yiying Yang, Xiongqi Ding
Vibrio alginolyticus is a Gram-negative marine bacterium that is widely distributed in estuaries and coastal and marine environments (Baross and Liston 1970). It is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen that frequently leads to fish infection, causing huge economic losses in aquaculture (Xie et al. 2005), and some strains of V. alginolyticus have been reported to infect humans, causing severe gastroenteritis, wound infection, sepsis and other clinical symptoms (Hiratsuka et al. 1980).