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The Classification of Odontogenic Cysts
Published in Roger M. Browne, Investigative Pathology of the Odontogenic Cysts, 2019
A radicular cyst arises within a focus of inflammation in the periodontium derived from the root of a nonvital tooth. It is not surprising, therefore, that it is diagnosed with similar frequency in the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth decades,2,13 when pulpal necrosis as a consequence of dental caries is most likely. These cysts usually occur in association with the apical foramen of the root or roots of the nonvital tooth (Figure 12). Consequently, the terms periapical cyst or apical periodontal cyst have been widely used. However, rarely the cyst occurs in association with the foramen of a laterally placed root canal in which case it lies laterally to the root of the nonvital tooth (Figure 13). For this reason, the term radicular cyst is preferable as it includes all cysts with a common pathogenesis irrespective of their anatomical relationship to the causative tooth.
Benign Oral and Dental Disease
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Konrad S. Staines, Alexander Crighton
If the culprit tooth is extracted, it is possible that cystic remnants of a periapical cyst will form a ‘so-called’ residual cyst. Treatment of the smaller periapical cyst is by extraction or root canal treatment of the involved tooth. When the periapical cyst is larger, treatment is as above, accompanied by surgical enucleation of the cyst.
Is tooth conservation possible in odontogenic sinusitis? Prospective evaluation of affected teeth condition-based protocol
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Akiko Ito, Muneo Nakaya, Kazuhiro Tada, Junko Kumada, Wataru Kida, Yasuhiro Inayoshi
Postoperatively, the patients received antibiotics for 5 days and saline nasal washes and were asked to plug their nose with cotton for 30 days. All the patients were followed up until their condition stabilized. Treatment success was achieved when a patient reported complete resolution of the symptoms, and no signs of mucosal inflammation were detected by nasal endoscopy in all the originally involved sinuses (i.e. no pus, crusting or mucosal swelling). CT was not performed after treatment to confirm the success of the endoscopic procedure even in the patients with a periapical cyst. Thereafter, the patient was followed up by telephone contact to confirm the condition of affected tooth.
Human cytomegalovirus is present in the odontogenic epithelium of ameloblastoma
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2021
Mohammed Amjed Alsaegh, Sudhir Rama Varma, Alaa Muayad Altaie, Shengrong Zhu
Previous studies detected HCMV in different normal and pathological tissues. HCMV was detected in the periapical cyst, keratocyst[4], and in apical periodontitis [5–9]. Furthermore, HCMV was present in different tumour cells[10]. A significant relation between HCMV and tumour has been found by different independent groups of researchers. In fact, HCMV promotes tumorigenesis, exhibits immunity evasiveness, causes immunosuppressive effects in the tumour environment, and involved in anti-apoptotic and hijacks proangiogenic mechanisms[11].
Osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells isolated from inflamed dental pulp tissues (I-DPSCs) by two different methods
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2020
Vellore Kannan Gopinath, S. Soumya, Manju Nidagodu Jayakumar
The osteo/odontoblastic differentiation analysed semi quantitatively by qPCR demonstrated an upregulated expression of all the genes at day 21 compared to day 1. Herein, we have checked the gene expression of four potential genes, which are mainly involved in osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. As discussed earlier, ALP is a phosphatase enzyme, which helps in the deposition of calcium phosphate in bone and dentine. A higher ALP activity could be found during the differentiation phase of bone and dentine. During the odontoblastic differentiation, a higher mineralized dentine matrix is deposited and the main non-collagenous proteins present are DMP1 and DSPP. We have used DMP1 and DSPP in our experiment as this protein is existent in odontoblasts, dentinal tubules and its presence are known during dentine matrix mineralization [45–48]. The upregulated mRNA level expression of DMP1 and DSPP is indicative of odontogenic differentiation and was found to be higher in cells cultured in COL osteogenic media compared to OG at day 21. In a study similar to ours, compared the expression of Dentine Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) in dental pulp stem cells isolated by outgrowth and enzyme digestion methods, no significant difference was observed in the DSPP expression by the DPSC differentiated odontoblasts between the methods [38]. However, in our study we found that the expression of DMP1, which is considered to regulate the DSPP gene transcription was higher in IDPSC isolated by COL method, compared to the OG method. The expression of other genes such as ALP and BGLAP were enhanced by day 21 in both the cell groups but no significant difference were observed between the groups. These finding were contradictory to the ALP activity and Alizarin Red S staining analysed biochemically wherein, the cells isolated by COL method showed better activity and mineral deposition compared to OG method. Despite the fact that the isolated cells were negative for STRO-1, the stem cell specific marker, the differentiation ability of the cells were not compromised in our case. The cells isolated by both the methods were able to differentiate into osteoblastic and odontogenic lineages, with the COL method showed better differentiation ability than OG method. Our study also favoured the concept that the inflamed dental pulp tissue, which is discarded as a waste in the endodontic procedure, contains putative stem cell population, which retains similar stem cell characteristics as that of the cells isolated from healthy tissues. Comparable to the present work it is interesting to note that human periapical cyst-mesenchymal stem cells (hPcy-MSCs) derived from excised periapical cyst, showed characteristics similar to DPSC [49]. However, it should be noted that hPcy-MSCs cells favoured osteogenic lineages whereas I-DPSCs isolated in the present study favoured odontogenic differentiation [50].